Children and Families Bill

Session 2012 - 13
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Other Bills before Parliament

Children and Families Bill

Children and Families Bill
Part 7 — Time off work: ante-natal care etc
91

Part 7
Time off work: ante-natal care etc
97
Time off work to accompany to ante-natal appointments
(1)
After section 57ZD of the Employment Rights Act 1996 there is inserted—
“Accompanying to ante-natal appointments
5
57ZE
Right to time off to accompany to ante-natal appointment
(1)
An employee who has a qualifying relationship with a pregnant
woman or her expected child is entitled to be permitted by his or her
employer to take time off during the employee’s working hours in
order that he or she may accompany the woman when she attends by
10
appointment at any place for the purpose of receiving ante-natal care.
(2)
In relation to any particular pregnancy, an employee is not entitled to
take time off for the purpose specified in subsection (1) on more than
two occasions.
(3)
On each of those occasions, the maximum time off during working
15
hours to which the employee is entitled is six and a half hours.
(4)
An employee is not entitled to take time off for the purpose specified in
subsection (1) unless the appointment is made on the advice of a
registered medical practitioner, registered midwife or registered nurse.
(5)
Where the employer requests the employee to give the employer a
20
declaration signed by the employee, the employee is not entitled to take
time off for the purpose specified in subsection (1) unless the employee
gives that declaration (which may be given in electronic form).
(6)
The employee must state in the declaration—
(a)
that the employee has a qualifying relationship with a pregnant
25
woman or her expected child,
(b)
that the employee’s purpose in taking time off is the purpose
specified in subsection (1),
(c)
that the appointment in question is made on the advice of a
registered medical practitioner, registered midwife or
30
registered nurse, and
(d)
the date and time of the appointment.
(7)
A person has a qualifying relationship with a pregnant woman or her
expected child if—
(a)
the person is the husband or civil partner of the pregnant
35
woman,
(b)
the person, being of a different sex or the same sex, lives with
the woman in an enduring family relationship but is not a
relative of the woman,
(c)
the person is the father of the expected child,
40
(d)
the person is a parent of the expected child by virtue of section
42 or 43 of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008,
or

Children and Families Bill
Part 7 — Time off work: ante-natal care etc
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(e)
the person is a potential applicant for a parental order under
section 54 of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008
in respect of the expected child.
(8)
For the purposes of subsection (7) a relative of a person is the person’s
parent, grandparent, sister, brother, aunt or uncle.
5
(9)
The references to relationships in subsection (8)—
(a)
are to relationships of the full blood or half blood or, in the case
of an adopted person, such of those relationships as would exist
but for the adoption, and
(b)
include the relationship of a child with the child’s adoptive, or
10
former adoptive, parents,

but do not include any other adoptive relationships.
(10)
For the purposes of subsection (7)(e) a person (“A”) is a potential
applicant for a parental order under section 54 of the Human
Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 in respect of an expected child
15
only if—
(a)
A intends to apply, jointly with another person (“B”), for such
an order in respect of the expected child within the time allowed
by section 54(3),
(b)
the expected child is being carried by the pregnant woman as a
20
result of such procedure as is described in section 54(1)(a),
(c)
the requirement in section 54(1)(b) is satisfied by reference to A
or B,
(d)
A and B would satisfy section 54(2) if they made an application
under section 54 at the time that A seeks to exercise the right
25
under this section, and
(e)
A expects that A and B will satisfy the conditions in section
54(2), (4), (5) and (8) as regards the intended application.
(11)
The references in this section to a registered nurse are references to a
registered nurse—
30
(a)
who is also registered in the Specialist Community Public
Health Nurses Part of the register maintained under article 5 of
the Nursing and Midwifery Order 2001 (S.I. 2002/253), and
(b)
whose entry in that Part of the register is annotated to show that
the nurse holds a qualification in health visiting.
35
(12)
For the purposes of this section the working hours of an employee are
to be taken to be any time when, in accordance with the employee’s
contract of employment, the employee is required to be at work.
57ZF
Complaint to employment tribunal
(1)
An employee may present a complaint to an employment tribunal that
40
his or her employer has unreasonably refused to let him or her take
time off as required by section 57ZE.
(2)
An employment tribunal may not consider a complaint under this
section unless it is presented—
(a)
before the end of the period of three months beginning with the
45
day of the appointment in question, or
(b)
within such further period as the tribunal considers reasonable
in a case where it is satisfied that it was not reasonably

Children and Families Bill
Part 7 — Time off work: ante-natal care etc
93

practicable for the complaint to be presented before the end of
that period of three months.
(3)
Sections 207A(3) and 207B apply for the purposes of subsection (2)(a).
(4)
Where an employment tribunal finds a complaint under subsection (1)
well-founded, it—
5
(a)
must make a declaration to that effect, and
(b)
must order the employer to pay to the employee an amount
determined in accordance with subsection (5).
(5)
The amount payable to the employee is—
A x B x 2
10

where—
(a)
A is the appropriate hourly rate for the employee, and
(b)
B is the number of working hours for which the employee
would have been entitled under section 57ZE to be absent if the
time off had not been refused.
15
(6)
The appropriate hourly rate, in relation to an employee, is the amount
of one week’s pay divided by the number of normal working hours in
a week for that employee when employed under the contract of
employment in force on the day when the time off would have been
taken.
20
(7)
But where the number of normal working hours differs from week to
week or over a longer period, the amount of one week’s pay shall be
divided instead by—
(a)
the average number of normal working hours calculated by
dividing by twelve the total number of the employee’s normal
25
working hours during the period of twelve weeks ending with
the last complete week before the day on which the time off
would have been taken, or
(b)
where the employee has not been employed for a sufficient
period to enable the calculation to be made under paragraph (a),
30
a number which fairly represents the number of normal
working hours in a week having regard to such of the
considerations specified in subsection (8) as are appropriate in
the circumstances.
(8)
The considerations referred to in subsection (7)(b) are—
35
(a)
the average number of normal working hours in a week which
the employee could expect in accordance with the terms of the
employee’s contract, and
(b)
the average number of normal working hours of other
employees engaged in relevant comparable employment with
40
the same employer.

Children and Families Bill
Part 7 — Time off work: ante-natal care etc
94

Accompanying to ante-natal appointments: agency workers
57ZG
Right to time off to accompany to ante-natal appointment: agency
workers
(1)
An agency worker who has a qualifying relationship with a pregnant
woman or her expected child is entitled to be permitted, by the
5
temporary work agency and the hirer, to take time off during the
agency worker’s working hours in order that he or she may accompany
the woman when she attends by appointment at any place for the
purpose of receiving ante-natal care.
(2)
In relation to any particular pregnancy, an agency worker is not
10
entitled to take time off for the purpose specified in subsection (1) on
more than two occasions.
(3)
On each of those occasions, the maximum time off during working
hours to which the agency worker is entitled is six and a half hours.
(4)
An agency worker is not entitled to take time off for the purpose
15
specified in subsection (1) unless the appointment is made on the
advice of a registered medical practitioner, registered midwife or
registered nurse.
(5)
Where the temporary work agency or the hirer requests the agency
worker to give that person a declaration signed by the agency worker,
20
the agency worker is not entitled to take time off for the purpose
specified in subsection (1) unless the agency worker gives that
declaration (which may be given in electronic form).
(6)
The agency worker must state in the declaration—
(a)
that the agency worker has a qualifying relationship with a
25
pregnant woman or her expected child,
(b)
that the agency worker’s purpose in taking time off is the
purpose specified in subsection (1),
(c)
that the appointment in question is made on the advice of a
registered medical practitioner, registered midwife or
30
registered nurse, and
(d)
the date and time of the appointment.
(7)
A person has a qualifying relationship with a pregnant woman or her
expected child if—
(a)
the person is the husband or civil partner of the pregnant
35
woman,
(b)
the person, being of a different sex or the same sex, lives with
the woman in an enduring family relationship but is not a
relative of the woman,
(c)
the person is the father of the expected child,
40
(d)
the person is a parent of the expected child by virtue of section
42 or 43 of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008,
or
(e)
the person is a potential applicant for a parental order under
section 54 of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008
45
in respect of the expected child.
(8)
For the purposes of subsection (7) a relative of a person is the person’s
parent, grandparent, sister, brother, aunt or uncle.

Children and Families Bill
Part 7 — Time off work: ante-natal care etc
95

(9)
The references to relationships in subsection (8)—
(a)
are to relationships of the full blood or half blood or, in the case
of an adopted person, such of those relationships as would exist
but for the adoption, and
(b)
include the relationship of a child with the child’s adoptive, or
5
former adoptive, parents,

but do not include any other adoptive relationships.
(10)
For the purposes of subsection (7)(e) a person (“A”) is a potential
applicant for a parental order under section 54 of the Human
Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 in respect of an expected child
10
only if—
(a)
A intends to apply, jointly with another person (“B”), for such
an order in respect of the expected child within the time allowed
by section 54(3),
(b)
the expected child is being carried by the pregnant woman as a
15
result of such procedure as is described in section 54(1)(a),
(c)
the requirement in section 54(1)(b) is satisfied by reference to A
or B,
(d)
A and B would satisfy section 54(2) if they made an application
under section 54 at the time that A seeks to exercise the right
20
under this section, and
(e)
A expects that A and B will satisfy the conditions in section
54(2), (4), (5) and (8) as regards the intended application.
(11)
The references in this section to a registered nurse are references to a
registered nurse—
25
(a)
who is also registered in the Specialist Community Public
Health Nurses Part of the register maintained under article 5 of
the Nursing and Midwifery Order 2001 (S.I. 2002/253), and
(b)
whose entry in that Part of the register is annotated to show that
the nurse holds a qualification in health visiting.
30
(12)
For the purposes of this section the working hours of an agency worker
are to be taken to be any time when, in accordance with the terms under
which the agency worker works temporarily for and under the
supervision and direction of the hirer, the agency worker is required to
be at work.
35
57ZH
Complaint to employment tribunal: agency workers
(1)
An agency worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal
that the temporary work agency has unreasonably refused to let him or
her take time off as required by section 57ZG.
(2)
An agency worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal
40
that the hirer has unreasonably refused to let him or her take time off as
required by section 57ZG.
(3)
An employment tribunal may not consider a complaint under
subsection (1) or (2) unless it is presented—
(a)
before the end of the period of three months beginning with the
45
day of the appointment in question, or
(b)
within such further period as the tribunal considers reasonable
in a case where it is satisfied that it was not reasonably

Children and Families Bill
Part 7 — Time off work: ante-natal care etc
96

practicable for the complaint to be presented before the end of
that period of three months.
(4)
Sections 207A(3) and 207B apply for the purposes of subsection (3)(a).
(5)
Where an employment tribunal finds a complaint under subsection (1)
or (2) well-founded, it—
5
(a)
must make a declaration to that effect, and
(b)
must order the payment to the agency worker of an amount
determined in accordance with subsection (7).
(6)
Where the tribunal orders that payment under subsection (5) be made
by the temporary work agency and the hirer, the proportion of that
10
amount payable by each respondent is to be such as may be found by
the tribunal to be just and equitable having regard to the extent of each
respondent’s responsibility for the infringement to which the
complaint relates.
(7)
The amount payable to the agency worker is—
15
A x B x 2

where—
(a)
A is the appropriate hourly rate for the agency worker, and
(b)
B is the number of working hours for which the agency worker
would have been entitled under section 57ZG to be absent if the
20
time off had not been refused.
(8)
The appropriate hourly rate, in relation to an agency worker, is the
amount of one week’s pay divided by the number of normal working
hours in a week for that agency worker in accordance with the terms
under which the agency worker works temporarily for and under the
25
supervision and direction of the hirer that are in force on the day when
the time off would have been taken.
(9)
But where the number of normal working hours during the assignment
differs from week to week or over a longer period, the amount of one
week’s pay shall be divided instead by the average number of normal
30
working hours calculated by dividing by twelve the total number of the
agency worker’s normal working hours during the period of twelve
weeks ending with the last complete week before the day on which the
time off would have been taken.
57ZI
Agency workers: supplementary
35
(1)
Without prejudice to any other duties of the hirer or temporary work
agency under any enactment or rule of law, sections 57ZG and 57ZH do
not apply where the agency worker—
(a)
has not completed the qualifying period, or
(b)
pursuant to regulation 8(a) or (b) of the Agency Workers
40
Regulations 2010 (S.I. 2010/93), is no longer entitled to the
rights conferred by regulation 5 of those Regulations.
(2)
Nothing in sections 57ZG and 57ZH imposes a duty on the hirer or
temporary work agency beyond the original intended duration, or
likely duration, of the assignment, whichever is the longer.
45

Children and Families Bill
Part 7 — Time off work: ante-natal care etc
97

(3)
Sections 57ZG and 57ZH do not apply where sections 57ZE and 57ZF
apply.
(4)
In this section and sections 57ZG and 57ZH the following have the
same meaning as in the Agency Workers Regulations 2010—
“agency worker”;
5
“assignment”;
“hirer”;
“qualifying period”;
“temporary work agency”.”
(2)
In the Employment Rights Act 1996—
10
(a)
in section 47C (right not to be subject to detriment: leave for family
reasons), in subsection (2) (prescribed reasons), after paragraph (a)
there is inserted—
“(aa)
time off under section 57ZE,”;
(b)
in section 99 (being regarded as unfairly dismissed: leave for family
15
reasons), in subsection (3) (prescribed kinds of reasons), after
paragraph (a) there is inserted—
“(aa)
time off under section 57ZE,”;
(c)
in section 225 (the calculation date in finding a week’s pay), after
subsection (3) there is inserted—
20
“(3A)
Where the calculation is for the purposes of section 57ZF, the
calculation date is the day of the appointment.”
98
Time off work to attend adoption appointments
(1)
After section 57ZI of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (inserted by section 97)
there is inserted—
25
“Adoption appointments
57ZJ
Right to paid time off to attend adoption appointments
(1)
An employee who has been notified by an adoption agency that a child
is to be, or is expected to be, placed for adoption with the employee
alone is entitled to be permitted by his or her employer to take time off
30
during the employee’s working hours in order that he or she may
attend by appointment at any place for the purpose of having contact
with the child or for any other purpose connected with the adoption.
(2)
An employee who—
(a)
has been notified by an adoption agency that a child is to be, or
35
is expected to be, placed for adoption with the employee and
another person jointly, and
(b)
has elected to exercise the right to take time off under this
section in connection with the adoption,

is entitled to be permitted by his or her employer to take time off during
40
the employee’s working hours in order that he or she may attend by
appointment at any place for the purpose of having contact with the
child or for any other purpose connected with the adoption.
(3)
An employee may not make an election for the purposes of subsection
(2)(b) if—
45