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Location--Institute of Plant Science Research (IPSR), Norwich Funding in 1989-90--£235,0007. Pests of non-cereal crops
To develop methods for the containment of soil dwelling nematodes by the integrated use of crop rotations, reliable resistant cultivars and efficiently-used, safely-formulated nematicides, thereby delaying selection of virulent nematode pathotypes and minimising cost and risks to operatives and the environment. Particular attention is paid to potato cyst nematodes and to other nematodes of forage and grain legumes. Problems of nematode attack in oilseed rape and other alternative crops such as sunflower and lupin are being investigated. Studies on the nature of host tolerance to nematode attack and the complex interactions between nematode host races and culture resistance are contributing to the development of integrated control measures.
Location--IACR, Rothamsted
Funding in 1989-90--£178,000
8. Bird damage assessment and development of control techniques Location-- ADAS, Worplesdon
Funding in 1989-90--£464,000
9. The biology of storage arthropods and development of physical and biological control strategies
Location--ADAS, Slough
Funding in 1989-90--£308,000
10. Laboratory and field evaluation of novel methods of pest control
Location--ADAS, Slough
Funding in 1989-90--£452,000
11. Control of storage pests using modified atmospheres Location--ADAS, Slough
Funding in 1989-90--£272,000
12. Cereals : soil-borne fungal diseases
Location--ADAS, EHFs
Funding in 1989-90--£163,000
13. Control of specific weeds and headland weed control Location--ADAS, Regional Centres
Funding in 1989-90--£12,000
14. Alternative cropping systems. Includes work on milling wheat production under organic farming systems
Location--ADAS, EHFs
Funding in 1989-90--£133,000
15. Novel methods of pest control
Location--IACR, Rothamsted
Funding in 1989-90--£6,000
16. Field Vegetable Breeding
Evaluation of new varieties for resistance to pests and diseases. Genetic improvement of lettuce. Work to find new sources of genetic resistance to downy mildew, lettuce root aphid and important viral diseases.
Genetics of host resistance to disease and development of resistant breeding material for important fungal and viral diseases. Location--IHR, Wellesbourne and ADAS, EHSs
Funding in 1989-90--£140,000 £30,000
17. Field Vegetable Pests
Evaluation of biological/integrated control systems.
Resistance of vegetables to insect pests, including biochemical methods of screening plant material for resistance, and pest-host plant interactions.
Location--IHR, Wellesbourne and ADAS, EHSs
Funding in 1989-90--£240,000 £75,000
18. Field Vegetable Diseases
Evaluaion of biological/integrated control systems.
Biology, resistance and control of diseases of composites,
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crucifers and legumes. Methods of control through resistance, incuding durability of single gene resistance.Screening for resistance to cucumber mosaic virus in marrow. Location--IHR, Wellesbourne and ADAS, EHSs
Funding in 1989-90--£210,000 £75,000
19. Field Vegetable Weeds
Development of novel programmes for weed control in vegetable crops, including cultural and other techniques for controlling weeds with less reliance on herbicides.
Location--IHR, Wellesbourne
Funding in 1989-90--£20,000
20. Top Fruit Breeding
To breed and select apple, pear, cherry, plum scion varieties and rootstocks which, amongst other attributes, are resistant to pests and diseases.
Location--IHR, East Malling
Funding in 1989-90--£65,000
21. Top Fruit Protection
Evaluation of biological/integrated control systems.
In vitro techniques for selection for resistance to fireblight. In vitro techniques for testing for resistance to bacterial canker in cherry.
Biology, ecology and control of apple and pear pests, including regulation of spider mite in apples by predatory mites, regulation of P. pyncola on pears by predators.
Location--IHR, East Malling and ADAS EHSs
Funding in 1989-90--£290,000 plus £80,000
22. Soft Fruit Breeding
Breeding and selection of strawberries and raspberries which, amongst other attributes, are resistant to pests and diseases. Location--IHR, East Malling
Funding in 1989-90--£40,000
23. Soft Fruit Protection
To elucidate the biology of wilt disease of stawberries and to improve control through biological means ; select and exploit plant resistance for wilt control.
To study the biology, ecology and pest-damage relationships for several pest species, together with the development of control strategies.
Location--IHR, East Malling
Funding in 1989-90--£100,000
24. Hop Production and Protection
Effects of plant spacing on disease incidence in hops.
Evaluation of wilt resistance in breeding material of hops. Control of damson-hop aphids by introducing or encouraging the migration to hop gardens of natural predators.
Study of factors affecting the sexual activity and migration of damson-hop aphids to identify weak points in its life cycle. Evaluation of biological agents for controlling the two-spotted spite mite.
Location--IHR, Wye Sub centre and ADAS--Rosemaund EHF
Funding in 1989-90--£13,000 plus £10,000
25. Glasshouse Crop Pests
Evaluation of biological-integrated control systems.
Biological control of major glasshouse pests (whitefly and red spider mite), secondary pests (especially aphids and thrips) and newly-established non-indigenous pests.
Location--IHR, Littlehampton and ADAS--Rosemaund EHF
Funding in 1989-90--£150,000 plus £150,000
26. Glasshouse Crop Diseases
Evaluation of biological-integrated control systems.
Integrated control of bacterial and fungal pathogens, utilising biological agents.
Local--IHR, Littlehampton and ADAS EHSs
Funding in 1989-90--£140,000 plus £100,000
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27. Evaluation of biological and other novel methods for pest control in greenhouse cropsImprovement in efficiency of Bacillus thuringiensis for arthropod pest control.
Use of fungi for control of arthropod pests.
Use of insect viruses for control of phytophagous pests. The diagnosis of pathogens in invertebrate pest populations. Use of insect parasite nematodes for pest control of glasshouse and mushroom pests.
Location--IHR, Littlehampton.
Funding in 1989-90--£410,000.
28. Mushroom Protection
Novel control methods for mushroom pests, including
behaviour-modifying chemicals, antagonists, repellants, and insect-parasite nematodes.
Biological control of bacterial blotch disease.
Location--IHR, Littlehampton.
Funding in 1989-90--£70,000.
29. Hardy Ornamental Nursery Stock--Protection
Control of disease in the propagation of container-grown nursery stock, including biological control.
Location--IHR, Littlehampton.
Funding in 1989-90--£70,000.
30. Bulb Breeding
Use of induced mutations and conventional methods to breed disease resistant Narcissus cultivars.
Location--IHR, Littlehampton.
Funding in 1989-90--£70,000.
31. Bulb Protection
Control of fungal diseases of ornamental bulbs and corms, including screening for genetic resistance and biological control methods. Location-- IHR, Littlehampton and ADAS EHSs.
Funding in 1989-90--£10,000 £10,000.
32. Development of integrated control methods for Western Flower Thrips
Location--IHR, Littlehampton
Funding in 1989-90--£18,000
33. Control of Narcissus basal rot by antagonists
Location--Exeter University
Funding in 1989-90--£10,000
34. Influence of pests and diseases on grassland agriculture, and their control by biological means
(a) To develop non-polluting methods of controlling pests and diseases in newly-sown grassland with emphasis on legumes. (b) To determine the magnitude of losses of grassland legumes to pests and diseases and, thereby, the potential for application of biocontrol methods to grassland.
(c) To determine the potential of endophytic fungi in ryegrass as a means of biocontrol of grassland pests.
Location--IGAP, Hurley
Funding in 1989-90--£129,000
35. Diseases and pests of forage grasses and legumes
(a) Host : nematode relationships in forage grasses.
(b) Host : nematode relationships in forage legumes.
(c) Host : fungus relationships in forage grasses.
(d) Host : fungus relationships in forage legumes.
(e) Host : virus relationships in graminaceous and legume species. Mechanisms of host resistance.
(f) Identification of genetically resistant germ plasm in grasses and forage legumes.
(g) Relationships between endophytic fungi and their grass hosts. Location- -IGAP, Aberystwyth
Funding in 1989-90--£147,000
36. Exploit genetic variability in forage grasses
(a) Develop selection criteria and produce new gene combinations in perennial ryegrass.
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