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Column 421
Mr. Steen: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales if he will ensure that his ministerial management information system for establishing objectives for his Department, includes deregulation objectives (a) for him and (b) for each of the Ministers within his Department. [15577]
Mr. Redwood: One of the most important objectives which I have set for my Department is the encouragement of the growth, efficiency and competitiveness of Welsh industry and agriculture. The removal of unnecessary regulatory and administrative burdens, together with improved practice in enforcement and future legislation, is central to the achievement of this objective, which is naturally supported by my Welsh Office ministerial colleagues. Most regulations are United Kingdom or England and Wales regulations where the Welsh Office is not the lead department.
Political Advisers
Mr. Campbell-Savours: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales if he will list the names of those persons appointed as political advisers to his Department since May 1992. [15603]
Mr. Michael McManus
Mr. Hywel Williams
NHS Trusts
Mr. Milburn: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales which management consultants have been employed by his Department to assist in the assessment of applications for NHS units for trust status; how much each was paid; and how many assessments they undertook in each wave. [15845]
Mr. Richards: I refer the hon. Member to the reply given to him on 1 November 1993 by the Under-Secretary of State, my hon. Friend the Member for Cardiff North, (Mr. Jones), Official Report , column 51 .
In addition, Secta Consulting Ltd. was appointed to assess five applications for NHS trust status from April 1995 at a cost of £17, 625.
NHS Waiting Times
Mr. Morgan: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales what guidelines he has issued to family health services authorities and fundholding general practices concerning information to be given to their non-urgent patients whose TCI--to come in--dates have been delayed until the commencement of the new financial year for exclusively financial reasons; and if he will make a statement. [16675]
Mr. Redwood: I have not issued any guidelines on this subject.
Mr. Morgan: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales what information he has regarding general practitioners' requests to hospitals to delay the TCI dates for non-urgent patients until the commencement of the new financial year for exclusively financial reasons. [16679]
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Mr. Redwood: I have no details of any requests from general practitioners to hospitals to delay planned admissions until the new financial year.
Health Promotion Authority for Wales
Mr. Morgan: To ask the Secretary of States for Wales, pursuant to his answer of 22 March Official Report , column 258 , how many of the board members of the Health Promotion Authority for Wales whose terms are expiring on 31 March have been informed that they are not being reappointed. [16677]
Training and Enterprise Councils
Mr. Ron Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales what has been his Department's expenditure on TECs in 1994 95; and what are the plans for (a) 1995 96 and (b) 1996 97. [16338]
Mr. Redwood: Negotiations are continuing with TECs on their contracts for 1995 96. When these negotiations are completed I will write to the hon. Member.
Final outturn figures for 1994 95 will not be available until the appropriation accounts are approved. When I write to the hon. Member on TEC contracts, I will let him also have the latest provisional outturn figures available at the time.
Expenditure in 1996 97 will be dependent on TEC contract negotiations which will take place early in 1996.
Countryside Council for Wales
Mr. Morgan: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales on what date the publication by the Countryside Council for Wales's action plan for 1995 97 period will take place. [16678]
Mr. Redwood: I hope to publish the action plan shortly.
SOCIAL SECURITY
Prescribed Disease D4
Mr. Etherington: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security, pursuant to his answer of 2 February, Official Report, column 825, if he will place in the Library a copy of the paper on prescribed disease D4, mucous membrane, prepared by a senior medical adviser of the Department of Social Security in January 1995. [15824]
Mr. Hague: A copy of the paper has been placed in the Library.
Mr. Etherington: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security when David Towler of the Sunderland TUC unemployed centre may expect to receive a reply to his letter dated 6 February regarding the case of Mrs. Jackson and the training arrangements for medical boarding doctors addressed to Dr. S. M. Reed of the Benefits Agency medical section. [15825]
Mr. Hague: Following several telephone conversations with Mr. Towler, it was assumed that the matter had been dealt with. Dr. Reed wrote to Mr. Towler on 23 March to clarify the position.
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Compensation Recovery Scheme
Mr. Worthington: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security what plans he has to conduct research into the impact of the compensatory recovery unit on the lives of those who are obliged to pay back DSS benefits to the CRU. [15986]
Mr. Roger Evans: The compensation recovery unit recovers benefits attributable to an injury or disease from the compensator rather than the plaintiff. It performs this function effectively. We have no plans to mount the research to which the hon. Member refers.
Mr. Worthington: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security what assessment he has made of the extent of the practice of awarding £2,500 to those seeking compensation as victims of illness, accident or disease so as to avoid claw back of benefit to the compensation recovery unit. [15987]
Mr. Roger Evans: The level of settlement is a matter for the plaintiff and defendant, so no such assessment has been conducted. I understand, however, that a study of the level of settlement in some 10,000 compensation awards was recently completed on behalf of the Association of British Insurers. This study was conducted in support of evidence recently given by the association on the subject of compensation recovery to the Social Security Select Committee. The study concluded that the incidence of awards of £2,500 was not disproportionate.
Mr. Worthington: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security what information he keeps on the impact of the compensation recovery unit upon the lives of those who have to pay DSS benefits to the CRU. [15985]
Mr. Roger Evans: The Department keeps such information as is necessary to discharge its responsibilities.
Special Advisers
Mr. Campbell-Savours: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security what facilities in terms of (a) access to telephones, (b) use of equipment, (c) use of offices, (d) access to ministerial meetings, (e) sight of correspondence, (f) attendance at inter-departmental meetings and (g) access to civil servants are available to specialist advisers in his Department. [15610]
Mr. Hague: I refer the hon. Member to the answer given to him today by my right hon. Friend the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.
Deregulation
Mr. Steen: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security what targets he has for withdrawing regulations within his Department. [15553]
Mr. Arbuthnot: I refer my hon. Friend to the answer given today by my hon. Friend the Under-Secretary for Corporate Affairs.
Income Support
Mr. Milburn: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security what has been the level of (a) over-payments and (b) under-payments of income support in each year since its introduction; and what sums have been recovered. [15751]
Mr. Roger Evans: Information is not available in the form requested. Such information as is available is set out
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in the tables. Information is not collected on underpaid amounts. These are paid to claimants as soon as they are discovered.Table 1-Losses due to irrecoverable and unrecovered overpayments of Income Support Year |Amount (£000s) --------------------------------------------- 1988-89 |41,112 1989-90 |40,211 1990-91 |28,608 1991-92 |32,974 1992-93 |46,612 1993-94 |55,820
Table 2-Recoveries of overpayment via Benefits Agency Districts Year |Amount (£000s) --------------------------------------------- 1988-89 |15,348 1989-90 |17,068 1990-91 |15,483 1991-92 |15,377 1992-93 |19,431 1993-94 |32,830 Note: Information on the totals of recoverable overpayments is not collected centrally.
Mr. Steen: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security if he will ensure that his ministerial management information system for establishing objectives for his Department, includes deregulation objectives (a) for him and (b) for each of the Ministers within his Department. [15573]
Mr. Arbuthnot: This Department's deregulation objectives are set out on pages 2, 47 and 48 of the 1995 departmental report, "The Government's Expenditure Plans 1995 96 to 1997 98", published on 9 March 1995. One of our key tasks for the next three years is to reduce the burdens on business wherever possible, particularly by dealing with the differences in national insurance and Inland Revenue procedures.
Political Advisers
Mr. Campbell-Savours: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security if he will list the names of those persons appointed as political advisers to his Department since May 1992. [15611]
Mr. Hague: I refer the hon. Member to the reply given to the hon. Member for Darlington (Mr. Milburn) on 1 December 1994, Official Report, column 891 .
Child Support
Mr. Tipping: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security in what circumstances child maintenance payments can be obtained from service men posted abroad; what plans he has to review this issue; and if he will make a statement. [15544]
Mr. Burt: Child Support rules apply equally to service personnel and civilians. Where service men are posted abroad the Child Support Agency retains jurisdiction where it appears that the absent parent maintains sufficient links with the United Kingdom to be considered
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habitually resident here. This applies in the overwhelming majority of cases. There are no plans to review these arrangements.Incapacity for Work Benefits
Mr. Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security what are the numbers and proportion of claimants of an incapacity benefit who have been assessed as capable of their usual occupation or an alternative who have lodged an appeal against this decision in each of the last four quarters. [16704]
Mr. Hague: The information is not available in the form requested.
Available information is in the tables.
Table A-Outcome of claims referred to
Benefits Agency Medical Services
|Capable of |Capable of
|normal |alternative
Quarter ending |occupation |work
------------------------------------------------------------
September 1993 |6,000 |28,000
December 1993 |5,000 |25,000
March 1994 |5,000 |28,000
June 1994 |4,000 |25,000
September 1994 |4,000 |27,000
Notes:
1. Based on a 100 per cent. count of cases, rounded to the
nearest thousand.
2. References are for Sickness Benefit, Invalidity Benefit
and Severe Disablement Allowance, but excludes those
references where the National Insurance contribution
conditions for Sickness/Invalidity Benefit have not been
satisfied and benefit is payable because the person's
incapacity is the result of an accident at work or a
prescribed industrial disease.
3. Figures for June and September do not include references
to Durham Medical Examination Centre. Figures for September
do not include references to Swansea Reference Office.
Table B-Appeals lodged against decisions on
Sickness Benefit,
Invalidity Benefit and Severe Disablement
Allowance
Quarter ending |Total number of
|appeals lodged
------------------------------------------------
September 1993 |8,853
December 1993 |9,982
March 1994 |7,957
June 1994 |8,821
Notes:
1. Figures taken from the Quarterly Social
Security Appeal Tribunal Statistics and the
Quarterly Medical Appeal Tribunal Statistics
produced by the Government Statistical Service.
2. Figures are for all appeals, including those
against decisions that the person is capable of
work.
Disability Working Allowance
Mr. Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Social Security how many people he estimates will receive the £10 per week supplement to disability working allowance for those working more than 30 hours a week. [16705]
Mr. Hague: We estimate that around 2,000 of the current 4,752 disability working allowance recipients will benefit from the new £10 per week additional allowance.
Source: Disability Working Allowance monitoring statistics for the month ending February 1995.
Attendance Allowance
Mr. Flynn: To ask the Secretary of States for Social Security what are the numbers of people currently receiving attendance allowance by main disabling condition, broken down by (a) entitlement to the highest rate and (b) entitlement to the lowest rate of the allowance. [16703]
Mr. Hague: The information is in the table. This shows separately the disabling conditions that apply to at least 2 per cent. of the total recipients:
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Disabling condition Higher rate Lower rate Total
|Number |Percentage|Number |Percentage|Number |Percentage
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arthritis |82,300 |20.1 |179,500 |30.6 |261,900 |26.3
Frailty |54,400 |13.3 |95,500 |16.3 |149,900 |15.1
Heart disease |18,300 |4.5 |38,800 |6.6 |57,100 |5.7
Stroke related |53,000 |13.0 |52,400 |8.9 |105,500 |10.6
Dementia |69,800 |17.1 |46,600 |7.9 |116,400 |11.7
Chest disease |15,100 |3.7 |26,600 |4.5 |41,700 |4.2
Blindness |10,300 |2.5 |32,000 |5.5 |42,300 |4.2
Parkinson's disease |17,200 |4.2 |15,100 |2.6 |32,300 |3.2
Muscle/joint/bone disease |7,800 |1.9 |13,200 |2.2 |21,000 |2.1
Other |81,000 |19.8 |86,900 |14.8 |167,900 |16.9
Total |409,200 |100 |586,700 |100 |995,900 |100
Columns may not add due to rounding.
Source:
Analytical Services Division 5 per cent. extract
TREASURY
Taxation
Mr. Andrew Smith: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) what was the percentage of total income received by (a) the top 1 per cent., (b) the top 5 per cent., (c) the top 10 per cent., (d) the bottom 70 per cent. and
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(e) the bottom 10 per cent. of taxpayers in 1994 95; and what are the estimated figures for 1995 96; [15670](2) what was the percentage of the tax take in 1994 95 and the estimated take for 1995 96 from (a) the top 1 per cent., (b) the top 5 per cent., (c) the top 10 per cent., (d) the bottom 70 per cent. and (e) the bottom 10 per cent. of taxpayers; [15672]
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(3) what was the tax take in the year 1994 95; and what is the estimate for 1995 96 for (a) the top 1 per cent. (b) the top 5 per cent., (c) the top 10 per cent., (d) thebottom 70 per cent., (e) the bottom 10 per cent. of taxpayers and (f) all taxpayers; [15669](4) what was the (a) total income and (b) average income earned in 1994 95 and estimated to be earned in
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1995 96 of (i) the top 1 per cent., (ii) the top 5 per cent., (iii) the top 10 per cent., (iv) the bottom 70 per cent., (v) the bottom 10 per cent. of taxpayers and (vi) all taxpayers. [15671]Sir George Young [holding answer 23 March 1995]: Provisional estimates are given in the table.
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Shares of gross income before tax (per cent.)
Group of Taxpayers
|Top 1 per cent. |Top 5 per cent. |Top 10 per cent. |Bottom 70 per cent.|Bottom 10 per cent.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994-95 |8 |20 |29 |43 |3
1995-96 |8 |20 |30 |43 |3
Amount of gross incomes before tax (£ billion)
Group of Taxpayers
|Top 1 per cent. |Top 5 per cent. |Top 10 per cent. |Bottom 70 per cent.|Bottom 10 per cent.|All taxpayers
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994-95 |31.8 |78.3 |117.5 |172.7 |12.3 |398.5
1995-96 |33.7 |82.7 |124.4 |181.8 |12.8 |420.9
Average amount of gross income before tax (£ per year)
Group of Taxpayers
|Top 1 per cent. |Top 5 per cent. |Top 10 per cent. |Bottom 70 per cent.|Bottom 10 per cent.|All taxpayers
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994-95 |123,700 |60,900 |45,700 |9,600 |4,800 |15,500
1995-96 |128,700 |63,200 |47,500 |9,900 |4,900 |16,100
<1> Less than 0.5 per cent.
Shares of total income tax liability (per cent.)
Group of Taxpayers
|Top 1 per cent. |Top 5 per cent. |Top 10 per cent. |Bottom 70 per cent.|Bottom 10 per cent.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994-95 |16 |33 |44 |29 |<1>-
1995-96 |15 |32 |44 |29 |<1>-
<1> Less than 0.5 per cent.
Amount of total income tax liability (£ billion)
Group of Taxpayers
|Top 1 per cent. |Top 5 per cent. |Top 10 per cent. |Bottom 70 per cent.|Bottom 10 per cent.|All taxpayers
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994-95 |10.7 |22.6 |30.4 |19.8 |0.3 |69.0
1995-96 |11.4 |24.1 |32.7 |21.6 |0.3 |74.7
Mr. Andrew Smith: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer what are the latest estimated levels of uncollected (a) income tax and (b) tax in general (i) in cash terms, (ii) in current values and (iii) as a percentage for each year since 1978 79. [15668]
Sir George Young [holding answer 23 March 1995]: The latest estimated level of uncollected income tax for each year since 1978 79 is as follows:
|As a percentage|Amount
|Amount in |of total tax |expressed in
Year |£ thousands |collected |1993 terms
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1979 |39,617 |0.48 |102,581
1980 |45,091 |0.45 |95,912
1981 |55,020 |0.48 |104,397
1982 |70,143 |0.49 |121,754
1983 |93,721 |0.59 |156,312
1984 |126,905 |0.73 |201,386
1985 |138,468 |0.68 |205,365
1986 |187,088 |0.77 |269,238
1987 |228,220 |1.11 |315,203
1988 |385,025 |1.59 |511,668
1989 |366,543 |1.33 |450,883
1990 |364,862 |1.27 |410,069
1991 |523,817 |1.80 |553,333
1992 |1,090,223 |4.32 |1,104,361
1993 |1,107,615 |4.69 |1,107,615
1994 |n/a |n/a |n/a
2
The latest estimated level of uncollected tax in general for each year since 1978 79 is as follows:
|As a percentage|Amount
|Amount in |of total tax |expressed in
Year |£ thousands |collected |1993 terms
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1979 |64,339 |0.24 |166,594
1980 |90,590 |0.28 |192,692
1981 |112,648 |0.31 |213,742
1982 |200,785 |0.47 |348,523
1983 |288,168 |0.61 |480,622
1984 |422,896 |0.80 |671,097
1985 |469,345 |0.81 |696,096
1986 |479,142 |0.73 |689,533
1987 |551,369 |0.84 |761,517
1988 |856,832 |1.16 |1,138,663
1989 |719,226 |0.90 |884,717
1990 |789,303 |0.94 |887,098
1991 |1,437,041 |1.57 |1,518,016
1992 |2,519,290 |2.84 |2,551,961
1993 |2,405,865 |2.66 |2,405,865
1994 |n/a |n/a |n/a
The figures in this table comprise all duties administered by the Inland Revenue, value added tax and all other duties administered by Customs and Excise.
The figures for 1994 are not sufficiently complete to allow the necessary comparison to be made and consequently the information is not available in the form requested. Therefore, the figures are expressed in accordance with the 1993 prices.
Insolvencies, where the Inland Revenue and Customs and Excise have very little control over the amount recoverable, account for the vast majority of remissions of tax.
Tax Planning and Avoidance
Sir Thomas Arnold: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer how he distinguishes between tax planning and tax avoidance. [15583]
Sir George Young [holding answer 23 March 1995]: In broad terms, the Government regard tax planning as the organisation of a taxpayer's affairs to secure the mitigation of tax liabilities in a manner consistent with the intentions of Parliament. Tax avoidance centres around attempts to frustrate the wishes of Parliament, either by way of escaping tax on transactions, or obtaining tax relief, in circumstances other than those intended by Parliament.
Special Advisers
Mr. Campbell-Savours: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer what facilities in terms of (a) access to telephones, (b) use of equipment, (c) use of offices, (d) access to ministerial meetings, (e) sight of correspondence, (f) attendance at interdepartmental meetings and (g) access to civil servants are available to specialist advisers in his Department. [15604]
Mr. Kenneth Clarke: Specialist advisers have the same access to facilities as other civil servants in the Treasury.
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Privatisation Advertising
Ms Armstrong: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer how much was spent on the advertising of privatisation sales, for each sale since 1979. [15355]
Sir George Young: The table shows the cost to the Government of adverting in each privatisation by floatation or secondary share sale since BT, 1984. Information on the advertising costs of earlier sales is not held centrally and could be obtained only at disproportionate cost.
Advertising costs in privatisations
|Costs (ex VAT)
Share offer |Year |£ million
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
BT (1) |1985 |9.7
Britoil |1985 |3.0
Cable and Wireless |1985 |2.2
British Aerospace |1985 |1.7
British Gas |1986 |21.4
British Airways |1987 |2.8
Rolls-Royce |1987 |1.6
BAA |1987 |4.9
BP |1987 |18.3
British Steel |1988 |4.9
Water |1989 |5.3
Regional Electricity Companies |1990 |14.2
Generating Companies (1) |1991 |5.6
Scottish Electricity Companies |1991 |5.3
BT (2) |1991 |14.0
Northern Ireland Electricity |1993 |1.1
BT (3) |1993 |11.9
Generating Companies (2) |1995 |8.1
Bank Lending
Sir Richard Body: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer what estimate he has made of the total lending by (a) United Kingdom banks and (b) banks of Federal Germany to enterprises in Eastern Europe. [14420]
Mr. Nelson: According to the Bank for International Settlements, loans by UK banks to eastern Europe as at the end of June 1994, stood at $4,209 million. Of this, the Bank of England estimates that $796 million was lent to the non-bank private sector. Total lending by Germany to eastern Europe as at the end of June 1994 was $42,733 million. Neither the Bank of England nor the Treasury has access to information on the breakdown of this figure.
Construction Industry Review
Mr. Spellar: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer what response his Department has made to the Latham review. [14432]
Mr. Nelson: The Government's response to the Latham review was contained in the speech of my right hon. Friend the Minister for Construction and Planning to the Latham conference on 25 July 1994. Her Majesty's Treasury has an interest in Sir Michael's recommendations in terms of value for money in public procurement and the efficient contribution of the construction of industry to the economy. The Treasury has therefore been involved in the follow-up work on the review.
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Exchange Rates
Mr. Worthington: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer by how much sterling has appreciated or depreciated against all the other currencies of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries since April 1992; and by how much sterling has been devalued in overall terms since that date. [15984]
Mr. Nelson: In April 1992 sterling's exchange rate index averaged 100.2 per cent. At close of business on March 23 1995 the ERI was 15 per cent. lower, at 85.2 movements in sterling's rate against other OECD currencies can be found in "International financial Statistics", published by the International Monetary Fund.
VAT (Camping and Temporary Caravans)
Mr. Robert Banks: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer what are the rates of VAT charged on payments for sites for camping and temporary caravans in each of the member countries of the European Union. [15869]
Mr. Heathcoat-Amory: The rates of VAT charged on payments for sites for camping and temporary caravans in each member country of the European Union are set out in the table:
|Per cent.
-----------------------------------
Austria |10
Belgium |6
Denmark |25
Finland |22
France |5.5
Germany |15
Ireland |12.5
Italy |9
Luxembourg |15
Netherlands |6
Portugal |5
Spain |7
Sweden |12
United Kingdom |17.5
Press Officers
Mr. Henderson: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer how many press officers there are in his Department currently; and what the figure was in 1979. [16557]
Mr. Nelson: Seven press officers are currently employed in the Treasury. Information for 1979 could be obtained only at disproportionate cost.
DUCHY OF LANCASTER
Genome Research
38. Mr. Enright: To ask the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster what proportion of his budget will be allocated to research into ethical, legal and social issues arising out of genome research. [14217]
Mr. Horam: The Medical Research Council expects to spend £15.5 million on the genome initiative in 1995 96. Ethical, social and legal issues will be one aspect of this
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research, but it is not possible to provide separate figures. The Economic and Social Research Council sponsors social research on the human genome worth around £200,000.Magistrates
37. Mr. Pike: To ask the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster what percentage of magistrates appointed to the bench in the County Palatine in the last 12 months is in full-time employment. [14216]
Mr. David Hunt: Seventy-eight per cent.
Engineering
39. Mr. John Marshall: To ask the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster when he last met the Institute of Structural Engineers to discuss the role of engineering in Britain. [14219]
Mr. Horam: Although no formal meetings have taken place with the institute, Ministers have had several meetings with the Royal Academy of Engineering which works for and represents all engineering disciplines.
Regulatory Authorities
40. Mr. William O'Brien: To ask the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster what assessment he has made of the standard of service applied by regulatory authorities under the citizens charter procedures; and if he will make a statement. [14220]
Mr. David Hunt: I am satisfied that the regulatory authorities act in accordance with charter principles in prescribing standards of service for the organisations they regulate.
Science (Children)
41. Mr. Hawkins: To ask the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster what proposals he has to encourage more children to develop an active interest in science; and if he will make a statement. [14221]
Mr. David Hunt: During the national week of science, engineering and technology, I announced a new competition to find the best primary and secondary schools in the United Kingdom. Classes have been invited to submit by 31 July video films of up to five minutes duration, or photo- essays, saying why theirs is the best science school in the country. Each of the winning primary and secondary schools will receive £1,000 for new scientific and technological equipment. The winners and two runners-up in each category will receive a day trip to the museum or hands-on centre of their choice, sponsored by the Office of Science and Technology. I shall announce the results during the week of the British Association's science festival in September.
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