Social Security Bill

Social Security Bill - continued	House of Commons
PART I, DECISIONS AND APPEALS - continued

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Child support: decisions and appeals dependent on other cases.

43. After section 28 of the Child Support Act there shall be inserted the following sections-

{d2} In this subsection "the appellant" means the person who appealed or, as the case may be, first appealed against the decision or assessment mentioned in subsection (1)(a).

	"Decisions and appeals dependent on other cases
Decisions involving issues that arise on appeal in other cases.	28ZA. - (1) This section applies where-
	(a) a decision by the Secretary of State falls to be made under section 11, 12, 16 or 17 in relation to a maintenance assessment; and
	(b) an appeal is pending against a decision given in relation to a different maintenance assessment by a Child Support Commissioner or a court.
	(2) If the Secretary of State considers it possible that the result of the appeal will be such that, if it were already determined, it would affect the decision in some way-
	(a) he need not, except in such cases or circumstances as may be prescribed, make the decision while the appeal is pending;
	(b) he may, in such cases or circumstances as may be prescribed, make the decision on such basis as may be prescribed.
	(3) Where the Secretary of State acts in accordance with subsection (2)(b), following the determination of the appeal he shall if appropriate revise his decision (under section 16) in accordance with that determination.
	(4) For the purposes of this section, an appeal against a decision is pending if-
	(a) an appeal against the decision has been brought but not determined;
	(b) an application for leave to appeal against the decision has been made but not determined; or
	(c) in such circumstances as may be prescribed, an appeal against the decision has not been brought (or, as the case may be, an application for leave to appeal against the decision has not been made) but the time for doing so has not yet expired.
	(5) In paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of subsection (4), any reference to an appeal, or an application for leave to appeal, against a decision includes a reference to-
	(a) an application for, or for leave to apply for, judicial review of the decision under section 31 of the Supreme Court Act 1981; or
	(b) an application to the supervisory jurisdiction of the Court of Session in respect of the decision.
Appeals involving issues that arise on appeal in other cases.	28ZB. - (1) This section applies where-
	(a) an appeal ("appeal A") in relation to a decision falling within section 20(1) or (3), or an assessment falling within section 20(2), is made to an appeal tribunal, or from an appeal tribunal to a Child Support Commissioner; and
	(b) an appeal ("appeal B") is pending against a decision given in a different case by a Child Support Commissioner or a court.
	(2) If the Secretary of State considers it possible that the result of appeal B will be such that, if it were already determined, it would affect the determination of appeal A, he may serve notice requiring the tribunal or Child Support Commissioner-
	(a) not to determine appeal A but to refer it to him; or
	(b) to deal with the appeal in accordance with subsection (4).
	(3) Where appeal A is referred to the Secretary of State under subsection (2)(a), following the determination of appeal B and in accordance with that determination, he shall if appropriate-
	(a) in a case where appeal A has not been determined by the tribunal, revise (under section 16) his decision which gave rise to that appeal; or
	(b) in a case where appeal A has been determined by the tribunal, make a decision (under section 17) superseding the tribunal's decision.
	(4) Where appeal A is to be dealt with in accordance with this subsection, the appeal tribunal or Child Support Commissioner shall either-
	(a) stay appeal A until appeal B is determined; or
	(b) if the tribunal or Child Support Commissioner considers it to be in the interests of the appellant to do so, determine appeal A as if-
	(i) appeal B had already been determined; and
	(ii) the issues arising on appeal B had been decided in the way that was most unfavourable to the appellant.
	(5) Where the appeal tribunal or Child Support Commissioner acts in accordance with subsection (4)(b), following the determination of appeal B the Secretary of State shall, if appropriate, make a decision (under section 17) superseding the decision of the tribunal or Child Support Commissioner in accordance with that determination.
	(6) For the purposes of this section, an appeal against a decision is pending if-
	(a) an appeal against the decision has been brought but not determined;
	(b) an application for leave to appeal against the decision has been made but not determined; or
	(c) in such circumstances as may be prescribed, an appeal against the decision has not been brought (or, as the case may be, an application for leave to appeal against the decision has not been made) but the time for doing so has not yet expired.
	(7) In this section-
	(a) the reference in subsection (1)(a) to an appeal to a Child Support Commissioner includes a reference to an application for leave to appeal to a Child Support Commissioner; and
	(b) any reference in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of subsection (6) to an appeal, or to an application for leave to appeal, against a decision includes a reference to-
	(i) an application for, or for leave to apply for, judicial review of the decision under section 31 of the Supreme Court Act 1981; or
	(ii) an application to the supervisory jurisdiction of the Court of Session in respect of the decision.
	(8) Regulations may make provision supplementing that made by this section."

Child support: cases of error.

44. After section 28ZB of the Child Support Act there shall be inserted the following sections-

	"Cases of error
Restrictions on liability in certain cases of error.	28ZC. - (1) This section applies where-
	(a) the effect of the determination, whenever made, of an appeal to a Child Support Commissioner or the court ("the relevant determination") is that the adjudicating authority's decision out of which the appeal arose was erroneous in point of law; and
	(b) after the date of the relevant determination a decision falls to be made in accordance with that determination (or would, apart from this section, fall to be so made)-
	(i) by the Secretary of State, an appeal tribunal, a Child Support Commissioner or a court with respect to an application for a maintenance assessment (made after the commencement date);
	(ii) by the Secretary of State as to whether to revise, under section 16, a decision (made after the commencement date) with respect to such an assessment; or
	(iii) by the Secretary of State on an application under section 17 (made after the commencement date) for a decision with respect to such an assessment to be superseded.
	(2) In so far as the decision relates to a person's liability in respect of a period before the date of the relevant determination, it shall be made as if the adjudicating authority's decision had been found by the Commissioner or court not to have been erroneous in point of law.
	(3) Subsection (1)(a) shall be read as including a case where-
	(a) the effect of the relevant determination is that part or all of a purported regulation or order is invalid; and
	(b) the error of law made by the adjudicating authority was to act on the basis that the purported regulation or order (or the part held to be invalid) was valid.
	(4) In this section-
	"adjudicating authority" means the Secretary of State, or a child support officer;
	"the commencement date" means the date of the coming into force of section 44 of the Social Security Act 1998; and
	"the court" means the High Court, the Court of Appeal, the Court of Session, the High Court or Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland, the House of Lords or the Court of Justice of the European Community.
	(5) The date of the relevant determination shall, in prescribed cases, be determined for the purposes of this section in accordance with any regulations made for that purpose.
	(6) Regulations made under subsection (5) may include provision-
	(a) for a determination of a higher court to be treated as if it had been made on the date of a determination of a lower court or a Child Support Commissioner; or
	(b) for a determination of a lower court or a Child Support Commissioner to be treated as if it had been made on the date of a determination of a higher court.
Correction of errors and setting aside of decisions.	28ZD. - (1) Regulations may make provision with respect to-
	(a) the correction of accidental errors in any decision or record of a decision given under this Act; and
	(b) the setting aside of any such decision in a case where it appears just to set the decision aside on the ground that-
	(i) a document relating to the proceedings in which the decision was given was not sent to, or was not received at an appropriate time by, a party to the proceedings or a party's representative or was not received at an appropriate time by the body or person who gave the decision; or
	(ii) a party to the proceedings or a party's representative was not present at a hearing related to the proceedings.
	(2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall be construed as derogating from any power to correct errors or set aside decisions which is exercisable apart from regulations made by virtue of that subsection."

Vaccine damage payments

Vaccine damage payments: decisions superseding earlier decisions.

45. After section 3 of the Vaccine Damage Payments Act there shall be inserted the following section-

"Decisions superseding earlier decisions.	3A. - (1) Subject to subsection (2) below, any decision of the Secretary of State under section 3 above or this section, and any decision of an appeal tribunal under section 4 below, may be reversed by a decision made by the Secretary of State-
	(a) either within the prescribed period or in prescribed cases or circumstances; and
	(b) either on an application made for the purpose or on his own initiative.
	(2) In making a decision under subsection (1) above, the Secretary of State need not consider any issue that is not raised by the application or, as the case may be, did not cause him to act on his own initiative.
	(3) Regulations may prescribe the procedure by which a decision may be made under this section.
	(4) Except as provided by section 5(4) below, no payment under section 1(1) above shall be recoverable by virtue of a decision under this section.
	(5) In this section and sections 4 and 8 below "appeal tribunal" means an appeal tribunal constituted under Chapter I of Part I of the Social Security Act 1998."

Vaccine damage payments: appeals to appeal tribunals.

46. For section 4 of the Vaccine Damage Payments Act there shall be substituted the following section-

"Appeals to appeal tribunals.	4. - (1) The claimant may appeal to an appeal tribunal against any decision of the Secretary of State under section 3 or 3A above.
	(2) Regulations may make provision as to the manner in which, and the time within which, appeals are to be brought.
	(3) In deciding an appeal under this section, an appeal tribunal shall consider all the circumstances of the case (including any not obtaining at the time when the decision appealed against was made)."

Vaccine damage payments: correction of errors etc.

47. After section 7 of the Vaccine Damage Payments Act there shall be inserted the following section-

"Correction of errors and setting aside of decisions.	7A. - (1) Regulations may make provision with respect to-
	(a) the correction of accidental errors in any decision or record of a decision under section 3, 3A or 4 of this Act; and
	(b) the setting aside of any such decision in a case where it appears just to set the decision aside on the ground that-
	(i) a document relating to the proceedings in which the decision was given was not sent to, or was not received at an appropriate time by, a party to the proceedings or a party's representative or was not received at an appropriate time by the body or person who gave the decision; or
	(ii) a party to the proceedings or a party's representative was not present at a hearing related to the proceedings.
	(2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall be construed as derogating from any power to correct errors or set aside decisions which is exercisable apart from regulations made by virtue of that subsection."

Prepared 27 November 1997