ANNEX B
Extract from UN Consolidated Appeal
A. Introduction
The 1998 Consolidated inter-agency Appeal for Sudan
describes the emergency needs of the more than four million war-affected
Sudanese living in southern Sudan, the transitional zone and the
displaced camps and settlements in the greater Khartoum area which
Operation Lifeline Sudan (OLS) agencies will attempt to meet during
1998 through 22 projects. Although the main emphasis in this Appeal
is on meeting acute needs, the UN acknowledges that the aim of
humanitarian action always must be to seek durable solutions.
During the course of OLS, the UN has developed a multi-dimensional
approach to the humanitarian crisis in the Sudan which involves
different types of interventions ranging from rapid responses
aimed at the most acute problems to short-term projects aimed
at protecting livelihoods through medium-term interventions aimed
at re-establishing communities and social networks.
This multi-dimensional approach is reflected in the
project section of the Appeal which is divided into two sub-sections:
emergency needs and rehabilitation. Within the emergency section
a clear distinction is made between projects targeting beneficiaries
in OLS areas and projects aimed at populations outside OLS. The
projects describe the measures which the UN will take to save
lives and the intermediate steps aimed at protecting livelihoods
and helping populations cope with chronic food insecurity, lack
of primary health care, basic water and sanitation infrastructures
and inadequate educational opportunities. The projects in the
rehabilitation section describe medium-term approaches for meeting
needs in areas where there is relative stability and consistent
access.
Both the Government of Sudan (GOS) and the rebel
movements have expressed strong interest in a focus on rehabilitation
and development. CLS, however, will remain first and foremost
an emergency humanitarian programme aimed at meeting the immediate
survival needs of at-risk populations. The expected combination
this year of increased military conflict and worsening drought
is likely to lead to situations where OLS will be required to
respond rapidly to acute emergencies. The Humanitarian Strategy
which the agencies will pursue in 1998 reflects this reality.
During 1997, the UN receives approximately 30 per
cent of the funds it appealed for from donors. The impact of this
funding shortfall was grave, forcing a severe cutback in emergency
services and food assistance. Global malnutrition rates in hard-hit
locations rose to over 50 per cent and interventions in all programme
areas including nutrition, primary health care and water were
reduced. Populations which had been able to barely sustain themselves
during the past year were forced to the brink of collapse, making
the task of supporting them more urgent and difficult in 1998.
During the next 12 months UN agencies are faced with the prospect
of bolstering the coping mechanisms of affected persons who were
under-served during 1997 at the same time that more people will
be hit by drought and increased insecurity.
During the preparation of this Appeal every effort
has been made by the UN agencies to streamline project proposals
and develop realistic budgets for emergency interventions. For
the first time, the UN technical agencies, including WHO and FAO,
will implement projects in collaboration with UNICEF which serves
as the lead agency in the non-food sector. In OLS areas, the technical
agencies will provide key input into projects which are supervised
and coordinated by UNICEF rather than submitting their own projects
for funding. All agencies have developed emergency projects aimed
at meeting the needs identified in the 1997 OLS Annual Needs Assessment
and in recognition of a reduced funding base, taken steps to ensure
that project budgets are based on realistic beneficiary numbers.
In line with recommendations made by the OLS Review and reiterated
by many of OLS' major donors, the 1998 Appeal has been reduced
in size and several new sections including a Lessons Learned and
Impact of Funding Constraints, which concentrate on the impact
of last year's interventions, have been added.
The purpose of the 1998 Appeal is to ask donors to
help support the UN agencies in their efforts to meet the needs
of Sudan's war-affected populations during the upcoming year.
This can only be done if the donor community responds generously.
The UN's ability to fully implement the OLS Review recommendations
as indicated in the Humanitarian Strategy section, including programmes
for impact monitoring, depends upon the availability of funds.
All humanitarian actors must accept responsibility for the fact
that a continued lack of funding will potentially condemn millions
of Sudanese to destitution, disease and, in hundreds of thousands
of cases, possible starvation.
Table 2: Total Funding Requirements for the 1998
United Nations Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for Sudan By Sector
January-December 1998
| 
