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| | 75. - (1) An employment tribunal shall not consider a complaint under paragraph 74 unless it is presented-
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(a) before the end of the period of 3 months starting with the date of the act or failure to which the complaint relates or, if that act or failure is part of a series of similar acts or failures (or both) the last of them, or |
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(b) where the tribunal is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented before the end of that period, within such further period as it considers reasonable. |
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(2) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)-
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(a) where an act extends over a period, the reference to the date of the act is a reference to the last day of that period; |
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(b) a failure to act shall be treated as done when it was decided on. |
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(3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2), in the absence of evidence establishing the contrary an employer must be taken to decide on a failure to act-
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(a) when he does an act inconsistent with doing the failed act, or |
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(b) if he has done no such inconsistent act, when the period expires within which he might reasonably have been expected to do the failed act if it was to be done. |
| | 76. On a complaint under paragraph 74 it shall be for the employer to show the ground on which he acted or failed to act.
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| | 77. - (1) If the employment tribunal finds that a complaint under paragraph 74 is well-founded it shall make a declaration to that effect and may make an award of compensation to be paid by the employer to the complainant in respect of the act or failure complained of.
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(2) The amount of the compensation awarded shall be such as the tribunal considers just and equitable in all the circumstances having regard to the infringement complained of and to any loss sustained by the complainant which is attributable to the act or failure which infringed his right.
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(3) The loss shall be taken to include-
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(a) any expenses reasonably incurred by the complainant in consequence of the act or failure complained of, and |
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(b) loss of any benefit which he might reasonably be expected to have had but for that act or failure. |
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(4) In ascertaining the loss, the tribunal shall apply the same rule concerning the duty of a person to mitigate his loss as applies to damages recoverable under the common law of England and Wales or Scotland.
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(5) If the tribunal finds that the act or failure complained of was to any extent caused or contributed to by action of the complainant, it shall reduce the amount of the compensation by such proportion as it considers just and equitable having regard to that finding.
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| | 78. - (1) If the employment tribunal finds that a complaint under paragraph 74 is well-founded and-
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(a) the detriment of which the worker has complained is the termination of his worker's contract, but |
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(b) that contract was not a contract of employment, |
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any compensation awarded under paragraph 77 must not exceed the limit specified in sub-paragraph (2).
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(2) The limit is the total of-
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(a) the sum which would be the basic award for unfair dismissal, calculated in accordance with section 119 of the Employment Rights Act 1996, if the worker had been an employee and the contract terminated had been a contract of employment, and |
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(b) the sum for the time being specified in section 124(1) of that Act which is the limit for a compensatory award to a person calculated in accordance with section 123 of that Act. |
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Dismissal |
| | 79. - (1) For the purposes of Part X of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (unfair dismissal) the dismissal of an employee shall be regarded as unfair if the dismissal was made-
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(a) for a reason set out in sub-paragraph (2), or |
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(b) for reasons the main one of which is one of those set out in sub-paragraph (2). |
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(2) The reasons are that-
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(a) the employee acted with a view to obtaining or preventing recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under Part I of this Schedule; |
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(b) the employee indicated that he supported or did not support recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under Part I of this Schedule; |
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(c) the employee acted with a view to securing or preventing the ending of bargaining arrangements under Part III, IV or V of this Schedule; |
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(d) the employee indicated that he supported or did not support the ending of bargaining arrangements under Part III, IV or V of this Schedule; |
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(e) the employee influenced or sought to influence the way in which votes were to be cast by other workers in a ballot arranged under this Schedule; |
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(f) the employee influenced or sought to influence other workers to vote or to abstain from voting in such a ballot; |
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(g) the employee voted in such a ballot; |
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(h) the employee proposed to do, failed to do, or proposed to decline to do, any of the things referred to in paragraphs (a) to (g). |
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(3) A reason does not fall within sub-paragraph (2) if it constitutes-
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(a) a breach by the employee of his contract of employment with his employer, or |
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(b) an unreasonable act or omission by the employee. |
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Selection for redundancy |
| | 80. For the purposes of Part X of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (unfair dismissal) the dismissal of an employee shall be regarded as unfair if the reason or principal reason for the dismissal was that he was redundant but it is shown-
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(a) that the circumstances constituting the redundancy applied equally to one or more other employees in the same undertaking who held positions similar to that held by him and who have not been dismissed by the employer, and |
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(b) that the reason (or, if more than one, the principal reason) why he was selected for dismissal was one falling within paragraph 79(2). |
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Employees with fixed-term contracts |
| | 81. Section 197(1) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (fixed-term contracts) does not prevent Part X of that Act from applying to a dismissal which is regarded as unfair by virtue of paragraph 79 or 80.
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Exclusion of requirement as to qualifying period |
| | 82. Sections 108 and 109 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (qualifying period and upper age limit for unfair dismissal protection) do not apply to a dismissal which by virtue of paragraph 79 or 80 is regarded as unfair for the purposes of Part X of that Act.
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Meaning of worker's contract |
| | 83. References in this Part of this Schedule to a worker's contract are to the contract mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) of section 296(1) or the arrangements for the employment mentioned in paragraph (c) of section 296(1).
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PART VII |
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GENERAL |
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Power to amend |
| | 84. - (1) If the CAC represents to the Secretary of State that paragraph 14 has an unsatisfactory effect and should be amended, he may by order amend it with a view to rectifying that effect.
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(2) He may amend it in such way as he thinks fit, and not necessarily in a way proposed by the CAC (if it proposes one).
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(3) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument.
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(4) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
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Guidance |
| | 85. - (1) The Secretary of State may issue guidance to the CAC on the way in which it is to exercise its functions under paragraph 14.
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(2) The CAC must take into account any such guidance in exercising those functions.
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(3) However, no guidance is to apply with regard to an application made to the CAC before the guidance in question was issued.
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(4) The Secretary of State must-
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(a) lay before each House of Parliament any guidance issued under this paragraph, and |
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(b) arrange for any such guidance to be published by such means as appear to him to be most appropriate for drawing it to the attention of persons likely to be affected by it. |
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Method of conducting collective bargaining |
| | 86. - (1) After consulting ACAS the Secretary of State may by order specify for the purposes of paragraphs 22(3) and 37(4) a method by which collective bargaining might be conducted.
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(2) If such an order is made the CAC-
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(a) must take it into account under paragraphs 22(3) and 37(4), but |
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(b) may depart from the method specified by the order to such extent as the CAC thinks it is appropriate to do so in the circumstances. |
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(3) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
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CAC's general duty |
| | 87. In exercising functions under this Schedule in any particular case the CAC must have regard to the object of encouraging and promoting fair and efficient practices and arrangements in the workplace, so far as having regard to that object is consistent with applying other provisions of this Schedule in the case concerned.
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General interpretation |
| | 88. - (1) References in this Schedule to the CAC are to the Central Arbitration Committee.
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(2) For the purposes of this Schedule in its application to a part of Great Britain a working day is a day other than-
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(a) a Saturday or a Sunday, |
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(b) Christmas day or Good Friday, or |
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(c) a day which is a bank holiday under the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 in that part of Great Britain." |
