APPENDIX 2
The Brussels Treaty
TREATY OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL COLLABORATION
AND COLLECTIVE SELFDEFENCE
Signed at Brussels on March 17, 1948 between His
Majesty in respect of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland, His Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Belgium,
the President of the French Republic, Her Royal Highness the Grand
Duchess of Luxembourg, and Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands
... Resolved:
To reaffirm their faith in fundamental human rights,
in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the other
ideals proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations;
To fortify and preserve the principles of democracy,
personal freedom and political liberty, the constitutional traditions
and the rule of law, which are their common heritage;
To strengthen, with these aims in view, the economic,
social and cultural ties by which they are already united;
To cooperate loyally and to coordinate
their efforts to create in Western Europe a firm basis for European
economic recovery;
To afford assistance to each other, in accordance
with the Charter of the United Nations, in maintaining international
peace and security and in resisting any policy of aggression;
To take such steps as may be held to be necessary
in the event of a renewal by Germany of a policy of aggression;
To associate progressively in the pursuance of these
aims other States inspired by the same ideals and animated by
the like determination;
...
ARTICLE I
Convinced of the close community of their interests
and of the necessity of uniting in order to promote the economic
recovery of Europe, the High Contracting Parties will so organize
and coordinate their economic activities as to produce the
best possible results, by the elimination of conflict in their
economic policies, the coordination of production and the
development of commercial exchanges.
The cooperation provided for in the preceding
paragraph, which will be effected through the Consultative Council
referred to in Article VII as well as through other bodies, shall
not involve any duplication of, or prejudice to, the work of other
economic organizations in which the High Contracting Parties are
or may be represented but shall on the contrary assist the work
of those organizations.
ARTICLE II
The High Contracting Parties will make every effort
in common, both by direct consultation and in specialized agencies,
to promote the attainment of a higher standard of living by their
peoples and to develop on corresponding lines the social and other
related services of their countries.
The High Contracting Parties will consult with the
object of achieving the earliest possible application of recommendations
of immediate practical interest, relating to social matters, adopted
with their approval in the specialized agencies.
They will endeavour to conclude as soon as possible
conventions with each other in the sphere of social security.
ARTICLE III
The High Contracting Parties will make every effort
in common to lead their peoples towards a better understanding
of the principles which form the basis of their common civilization
and to promote cultural exchanges by conventions between themselves
or by other means.
ARTICLE IV
If any of the High Contracting Parties should be
the object of an armed attack in Europe, the other High Contracting
Parties will, in accordance with the provisions of Article 51
of the Charter of the United Nations, afford the Party so attacked
all the military and other aid and assistance in their power.
ARTICLE V
All measures taken as a result of the preceding Article
shall be immediately reported to the Security Council. They shall
be terminated as soon as the Security Council has taken the measures
necessary to maintain or restore international peace and security.
The present Treaty does not prejudice in any way
the obligations of the High Contracting Parties under the provisions
of the Charter of the United Nations. It shall not be interpreted
as affecting in any way the authority and responsibility of the
Security Council under the Charter to take at any time such action
as it deems necessary in order to maintain or restore international
peace and security.
ARTICLE VI
The High Contracting Parties declare, each so far
as he is concerned, that none of the international engagements
now in force between him and any other of the High Contracting
Parties or any third State is in conflict with the provisions
of the present Treaty.
None of the High Contracting Parties will conclude
any alliance or participate in any coalition directed against
any other of the High Contracting Parties.
ARTICLE VII
For the purpose of consulting together on all the
questions dealt with in the present Treaty, the High Contracting
Parties will create a Consultative Council, which shall be so
organized as to be able to exercise its functions continuously.
The Council shall meet at such times as it shall deem fit.
At the request of any of the High Contracting Parties,
the Council shall be immediately convened in order to permit the
High Contracting Parties to consult with regard to any situation
which may constitute a threat to peace, in whatever area this
threat should arise; with regard to the attitude to be adopted
and the steps to be taken in case of a renewal by Germany of an
aggressive policy; or with regard to any situation constituting
a danger to economic stability.
ARTICLE VIII
In pursuance of their determination to settle disputes
only by peaceful means, the High Contracting Parties will apply
to disputes between themselves the following provisions.
The High Contracting Parties will, while the present
Treaty remains in force, settle all disputes falling within the
scope of Article 36, paragraph 2, of the Statute of the International
Court of Justice by referring them to the Court, subject only,
in the case of each of them, to any reservation already made by
that party when accepting this clause for compulsory jurisdiction
to the extent that that Party may maintain the reservation.
In addition, the High Contracting Parties will submit
to conciliation all disputes outside the scope of Article 36,
paragraph 2, of the Statute of the International Court of Justice.
In the case of a mixed dispute involving both questions
for which conciliation is appropriate and other questions for
which judicial settlement is appropriate, any Party to the dispute
shall have the right to insist that the judicial settlement of
the legal questions shall precede conciliation.
The preceding provisions of this Article in no way
affect the application of relevant provisions or agreements prescribing
some other method of pacific settlement.
ARTICLE IX
The High Contracting Parties may, by agreement, invite
any other State to accede to the present Treaty on conditions
to be agreed between them and the State so invited.
Any State so invited may become a Party to the Treaty
by depositing an instrument of accession with the Belgian Government.
The Belgian Government will inform each of the High
Contracting Parties of the deposit of each instrument of accession.
ARTICLE X
The present Treaty shall be ratified and the instruments
of ratification shall be deposited as soon as possible with the
Belgian Government.
It shall enter into force on the date of the deposit
of the last instrument of ratification and shall thereafter remain
in force for fifty years.
After the expiry of the period of fifty years, each
of the High Contracting Parties shall have the right to cease
to be a party thereto provided that he shall have previously given
one year's notice of denunciation to the Belgian Government.
The Belgian Government shall inform the Governments
of the other High Contracting Parties of the deposit of each instrument
of ratification and of each notice of denunciation.
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