Select Committee on Lord Chancellor's Department Second Report


1. Introduction

Background to this Report

1. On 16th and 17th June this year we undertook a visit to Edinburgh to discuss the Scottish experience of an independent system for the appointment of judges. The visit followed the Prime Minister's announcement the previous week of the abolition of the post of Lord Chancellor and the establishment of an independent judicial appointments commission.[1]

2. In the course of our visit we held discussions with a number of individuals and organisations:

  • the Chairman and the members of the Judicial Appointments Board itself
  • the Lord President of the Court of Session, Lord Cullen
  • members of the two Justice Committees of the Scottish Parliament
  • Rt Hon Jim Wallace QC MSP, Deputy First Minister and former Minister of Justice in the Scottish Executive
  • the Head of the Justice Department and the Head of the Judicial Appointments and Finance Division, Scottish Executive Justice Department
  • the Vice-Dean and Treasurer of the Faculty of Advocates
  • the Vice-President, the Director, Professional Practice, and the Director, Law Reform, Law Society of Scotland
  • the Chair of the Scottish Human Rights Centre.
  • We are very grateful to all of those who gave their time to speak to us.

3. Discussions on the Scottish experience of an independent Judicial Appointments Board threw up a number of issues which we consider to be of relevance to consideration of an independent judicial appointments system for England and Wales. It was clear from our meetings that no discussions have yet been held between the UK Government and those in Scotland who have been involved in the system there about the lessons to be learnt from their experience. We have therefore set out the views expressed to us during our visit, and sought to identify some of the issues which will need to be addressed if this system was applied to England and Wales. At this stage, in advance of the Government's consultation paper, we make no specific recommendations about how to do so.

The Judicial Appointments Board for Scotland

History

4. In September 1999, the Scottish Ministers set out their commitment to consulting on the system of judicial appointments in A Programme for Government. In the summer of 2000, a public consultation exercise was carried out under the auspices of the Scottish Executive consultation paper, Judicial Appointments: An Inclusive Approach.

5. Responses to the consultation paper demonstrated substantial support for the creation of an independent Judicial Appointments Board and, in March 2001, the Justice Minister, Jim Wallace, announced the setting up of such a Board to create more open and accessible arrangements for judicial appointments in Scotland.

6. The Board began its work in June 2002 under the Chairmanship of Sir Neil McIntosh CBE.

Remit

7. The remit of the Judicial Appointments Board for Scotland is:

Judicial appointments with which the Board is not concerned

8. Different arrangements apply to the appointment of the Lord President of the Court of Session and the Lord Justice Clerk (the two most senior judicial posts in Scotland). Under section 95 of the Scotland Act 1998 it is for the Prime Minister to recommend to Her Majesty the appointment of people to these most senior offices. The Prime Minister cannot recommend someone who has not been nominated by the First Minister of the Scottish Executive for such appointment. Before the First Minister gives his advice he in turn must consult the serving Lord President and the serving Lord Justice Clerk where both are still in post. It is not currently envisaged that the Board will have a role in this process, and any change in the process would require amendment by Westminster of the 1998 Scotland Act.

9. The Board is not involved in the appointment of justices of the peace in Scotland. Nor does it have any role in respect of Scottish members either of the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords or of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.

Judicial discipline

10. The Judicial Appointments Board for Scotland has no role in relation to the discipline or removal of judges.

Principles

11. The Board describes itself as committed to the principles of appointment on merit and to the well-informed choice of individuals who, through their abilities, experience and qualities, match the requirements of the post. Successful candidates will be those who appear to be best qualified, regardless of gender, ethnic background, marital status, sexual orientation, political affiliation, religion or disability, except where the disability prevents the fulfilment of the physical requirements of the office and reasonable adjustment cannot be made.[2]

12. Scottish Ministers have given the Board the task of establishing its own working arrangements, but have given it guidance that procedures should include that:

  • vacancies are publicly advertised
  • all eligible applicants must be considered
  • applicants should be considered against objective criteria
  • legally qualified members must be satisfied that any candidate to be recommended for appointment has the requisite professional competence for the post
  • candidates must be recommended on merit
  • no candidate should be recommended without having been interviewed
  • Ministers are provided with a written report on all competitions and that candidates interviewed should be reported on
  • feedback is provided to applicants, if requested, although it is for the Board to decide the method and extent of feedback given to applicants.

Other matters

13. The Board also acknowledges a number of other considerations:[3]

  • Equal opportunities: The Board maintains statistical data on all applicants, with particular reference to gender, ethnic background and disability, to assist with the monitoring of diversity in the judicial appointments process. This is done in such a way as to preserve confidentiality of applicants.
  • Confidentiality: The proceedings of the Board with regard to individual applicants are entirely confidential. Information provided by applicants and their referees are not disclosed and only the names of those candidates appointed to judicial office are made public.
  • Conflict of interest: Board members may not act as referees for candidates and do not participate in the selection process where there may be a conflict of interest. Further, whilst holding appointment, Board members are not eligible for consideration for judicial appointment.

14. A list of the Chairman and Members of the Board, together with brief biographies, may be found at Appendix 1. Appendix 2 lists the criteria applied by the Board when recommending candidates for appointment.


1   Modernising Government - Lord Falconer appointed Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs, 10 Downing St press notice, 12/06/03 Back

2   Judicial Appointments Board for Scotland website, www.judicialappointmentsscotland.gov.uk. Back

3   ibid Back


 
previous page contents next page

House of Commons home page Parliament home page House of Lords home page search page enquiries index

© Parliamentary copyright 2003
Prepared 4 July 2003