Memorandum submitted by the Department
for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (X8)
A. INTRODUCTION
1. This memorandum covers implementation of the
Landfill Directive in England as the devolved administrations
have responsibility for policy and implementation in their countries.
Summary
2. The Government is committed to reducing
the UK's reliance on landfill, in order to reduce its environmental
impact and because landfilling is a missed opportunity to recover
value from waste. This is part of the UK's commitment to more
sustainable waste management in line with the objectives and policies
set out in Waste Strategy 2000. Implementation of the provisions
in the Landfill Directive is a key component of this commitment.
3. The Landfill Directive requires a fundamental
change to previous UK practices. In particular the ban on the
co-disposal of hazardous waste and non-hazardous waste resulted
in the number of landfill sites available to accept hazardous
waste post 16 July 2004 was reduced from some 230 to around 30.
In general, however, the capacity within those sites (1.5-2 million
tonnes per annum) is considered adequate to meet demand.
4. Annex II of the Landfill Directive sets
out general principles for acceptance of waste at landfills, general
procedures for testing and interim guidelines. This was supplemented
by a Council Decision of December 2002 on the criteria and procedures
for accepting waste at landfills. The main requirements of the
Decision were implemented in England and Wales by the Landfill
(England and Wales) (Amendment) Regulations 2004.
5. Article 5(2) of the Landfill Directive
sets challenging targets to reduce the amount of biodegradable
municipal waste (BMW) being sent to landfill to 35% of BMW arisings
in 1995 by 2020; a reduction of almost 12 million tonnes compared
with 1995 levels. Waste Strategy 2000 sets out a range of policies
to help deliver the step change in waste management needed to
meet these targets including the Landfill Tax, with the increases
to bring it to £35/tonne in the medium term; establishment
of Waste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP) to stimulate markets
for recycled materials; setting statutory recycling and composting
targets for local authorities; and increased funding for local
authorities including the National Waste Minimisation and Recycling
Fund and PFI credits. These have been strengthened in the last
eighteen months with the establishment of Defra's Waste Implementation
Programme to provide support for local authorities.
6. In addition the Government is introducing
a scheme of tradable landfill allowances to provide local authorities
with some flexibility to meet their required reductions in the
most economically optimum way for them. The Waste and Emissions
Trading Act 2003 provides the legal framework for schemes for
limiting the amount of BMW that waste disposal authorities (WDAs)
in the UK send to landfill. In England, regulations provided for
in the Act will establish the Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme
(LATS). The scheme, due to begin in April 2005, is based on allocating
to WDAs a decreasing number of landfill allowances for each year
from 2005-06 through to 2019-20.
7. While municipal waste arisings continues
to grow, the quantity ending up in landfill is falling in both
percentage terms and actual amount as a result of government actions
identified in paragraph 3.
8. In addition to changes to legislation
affecting landfills, new draft Hazardous Waste Regulations are
now out for consultation. The overall aim of the Regulations is
to ensure that the requirements of the Hazardous Waste Directive
are fully implemented in a cost effective way which minimises
additional burdens on industry.
General background
9. The Landfill Directive is a complex and
highly technical piece of legislation that has serious ramifications
for waste management in this country, representing a step change
in current practice not only for landfill site operators but for
all waste producers. The Directive is particularly challenging
for the UK, as some of its requirements are practices that are
already in place in other member states. In order to achieve as
smooth a transition as possible, the Government has consulted
widely and frequently before implementing the provisions of the
Directive.
10. Annex A sets out a full chronology of
events involved in implementing the Directive. The comprehensive
consultation process contributed to the UK being 11 months late
in transposing the technical and regulatory aspects of the Directive
and 16 months late in transposing the Article 5(2) targets (see
paragraphs 27-29); as a result the UK was infracted by the European
Commission.
11. Infraction proceedings have also been
taken against Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Luxembourg, Greece,
Italy, and Finland for late implementation of the Landfill Directive.
France, Spain and Greece have also had infraction proceedings
started against them because of illegal landfill sites.
B. GOVERNMENT
ACTIONS: HAZARDOUS
WASTE
12. To address key issues arising from implementation
of the Landfill Directive, Defra has:
— set up the Hazardous Waste Forum
and the Landfill Directive Implementation Group—membership
includes representatives of waste producers such as the CBI, the
Chemical Industries Association and the Federation of Small Businesses
as well as representatives of the waste management industry, regulators,
local authorities, the Environment Agency, devolved administrations
and Government Departments;
— published the Hazardous Waste Forum
action plan on the reduction and environmentally sound management
of hazardous waste;
— with the Environment Agency, set
up the Landfill and Hazardous Waste Implementation Programme (LHIP);
— assisted in the issue of guidance
material by the Environment Agency, including technical guidance
on assessing and classifying hazardous waste;
— organised seminars and taken part
in those organised by others (eg the Environmental Services Association,
the Chemical Industries Association, the Engineers Employers Federation,
the Parliamentary Sustainable Waste Group and Envirowise);
— held bilateral meetings with a wide
range of industry and other interests; and
— commissioned research and other projects
(either direct or though the Hazardous Waste Forum or the Environment
Agency).
Hazardous Waste Forum
13. The Hazardous Waste Forum was established
by the Government in December 2002, to bring together key stakeholders
to advise on the way forward on the management of hazardous waste.
The Forum has a strategic role in considering the demands on industry
of existing and forthcoming legislation and providing a means
of bringing all relevant sectors together to work towards the
goals of hazardous waste reduction and managing it safely. It
has set out advice on the way forward for hazardous waste management.
The Forum produced an Action Plan in December 2003 and has been
pressing Government and the Environment Agency to deliver the
key actions and decisions that are needed. The Forum has also
done some valuable work in assessing likely future landfill and
treatment capacity for hazardous waste and communicating the very
real concerns of the waste management industry. The terms of reference
for the Forum are at Annex B.
Landfill and Hazardous Waste Implementation Programme
(LHIP)
14. In order to manage implementation of
both the Landfill and Hazardous Waste Directives, Defra and the
Environment Agency jointly set up the Landfill and Hazardous Waste
Implementation Programme (LHIP). The Programme brings together
all of the activities related to the change in requirements under
a single reporting structure, with dedicated management and communications
resources and a coherent view of activities across its breadth.
The LHIP is managed as a Programme within Defra, and involves
all the Governmental bodies related to the change. This includes:
the Environment Agency, DTI, ODPM, the Welsh Assembly, the Scottish
Executive, DOENI and Envirowise. The LHIP Programme has a full-time
professional programme office, which produces weekly status reports
for those involved, coordinates the activities of the Programme,
maintains an up-to-date register of risks.
Hazardous Waste Regulations
15. In addition to changes to disposal of
hazardous waste arising from the Landfill Directive, there are
other changes arising from the requirements of the Hazardous Waste
Directive. A consultation on new Hazardous Waste Regulations is
now in progress. The proposed new regulations in England will
replace the Special Waste Regulations 1996 (the 1996 regulations)
and implement the revised European hazardous waste list, now incorporated
into the European Waste Catalogue. The 1996 Regulations have provided
a system of control to ensure that hazardous wastes are soundly
managed from the point at which they are produced to the final
point of disposal. They were intended to implement the requirements
of the Hazardous Waste Directive and the 1994 EC Hazardous Waste
List.
16. On 1 January 2002 changes to the Hazardous
Waste List were applied in the EU and the list was incorporated
into the European Waste Catalogue. The 1996 regulations need amendment
to take account of these changes. In particular, the revised list
classifies more waste as "hazardous" than was previously
the case. The review of the Special Waste Regulations provides
an opportunity to consider the application of the current procedures
for consigning special waste, and to streamline those procedures
where possible. The aim is to ensure that the requirements of
the Hazardous Waste Directive are fully implemented in a cost
effective way which minimises additional burdens on industry.
Site classification
17. As part of the 2002 conditioning plan
exercise required by the Landfill Regulations, sites had to say
what classification they required. Around 230 landfills opted
for a hazardous waste classification, most so they could continue
as co-disposal sites (ie being able to take all types of waste,
including municipal) for as long as possible. Under the interim
national waste acceptance criteria set out in Schedule 1 of the
Landfill Regulations:
— Hazardous waste sites could accept
wastes on the Hazardous Waste List. In addition, until July 2004
they can also accept non-hazardous wastes;
— Non-hazardous waste sites could accept
all wastes accept hazardous wastes. However, stable and non-reactive
hazardous wastes can go to non-hazardous sites as long as they
are landfilled in separate cells.
— inert waste sites can accept wastes
on the list of wastes in Schedule 1 and any other wastes which
fall within the definition of inert waste in the regulations.
— The criteria in Schedule 1 of the
current Regulations will be replaced on 16 July 2005 by the waste
acceptance criteria in the Landfill (England and Wales) (Amendment)
Regulations 2004. These set more detailed criteria based on the
achievement of limit values following leaching tests on the waste.
18. With effect from 16 July 2004, the Landfill
(England and Wales) Regulations 2002 banned the co-disposal of
hazardous waste and non-hazardous waste and waste can only go
to a landfill site classified to accept such waste (ie hazardous
waste can only go to hazardous waste landfills, non-hazardous
to non-hazardous landfills and inert waste to inert and non-hazardous
landfills). From that date, co-disposal (hazardous) sites had
to decide whether to continue as hazardous sites and so accept
only hazardous waste, or be reclassified as non-hazardous and
accept all wastes accept hazardous wastes (and stabilised, non-reactive
hazardous wastes in separate cells). The result of this change
was that the number of landfill sites available to accept hazardous
waste was reduced substantially (see below).
Landfill capacity
19. The Environment Agency has received
18 applications for permits to operate merchant hazardous waste
landfills post June 2004. A further 12 applications were received
to operate in-house landfills. Of this total of 30 applications,
permits have been issued for nine sites, five applications have
been refused, two have planning issues to resolve and the remainder
are under consideration. In total, the capacity amounts to 1.5-2
million tonnes per annum. While the aim to complete the consideration
process before 16 July in most cases was not achieved, sites with
a current waste management licence to accept hazardous waste can
continue to do so.
20. In addition to the above, the Environment
Agency has received 39 applications to operate separate cells
for stable, non-reactive hazardous waste at non-hazardous waste
landfills; six permits have been issued, two applications have
been refused and the remainder are under consideration. These
figures are continually updated and the latest position can be
found on the Environment Agency website (www.environment-agency.gov.uk)
Alternative disposal options
21. Many hazardous waste streams are not
generally landfilled at present. For those that are, research
for the Defra concluded that there was sufficient alternative
disposal systems (in use or planned) to cope with the large volume
of organic process waste streams requiring diversion from landfill.
22. Stable and non-reactive hazardous wastes
that are not banned from landfill can be disposed of in separate
cells at non-hazardous landfill sites. The Directive will also
act as a driver for waste producers to minimise waste arisings
and recycle, re-use or recover in order to divert waste from landfill.
Waste acceptance criteria
23. The Landfill Directive agreed by Council
in 1999 contained waste acceptance procedures. Annex II sets out
general principles for acceptance of waste at landfills, general
procedures for testing and interim guidelines. However, the Council
decided that more detailed procedures were required if the overall
objective of the Directive was to be met consistently in member
states. The Commission was very slow to come forward with a proposal
to met the Council's request and were only able to do so as a
result of the work of a modelling group, chaired by the UK.
24. Council agreed a revised proposal (by
unanimity) on 19 December 2002 which was published in the Official
Journal on 16 January 2003 as Council Decision 2003/33. A provision
in the Decision allowed only 18 months for it to be transposed
into national law (rather than the more usual two years) as this
had to be achieved by 16 July 2004. For England and Wales, this
target was met, with the Landfill (England and Wales) (Amendment)
Regulations 2004 coming into force in June 2004, for implementation
on 15 July 2005.
C. GOVERNMENT
ACTIONS: ARTICLE
5(2) TARGETS
Background
25. Article 5(2) of the Directive sets challenging
targets to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste
(BMW) being sent to landfill. The reduction targets set by the
Directive are:
— by 2006 to reduce the amount of BMW
going to landfill to 75% of that produced in 1995;
— by 2009 to reduce the amount of BMW
going to landfill to 50% of that produced in 1995;
— by 2016 to reduce the amount of BMW
going to landfill to 35% of that produced in 1995.
The Directive allows member states which landfilled
over 80% of their municipal waste in 1995 to postpone meeting
the targets by up to four years and the Government intends to
make use of this derogation. National target dates of 2010, 2013
and 2020 are set out in the Waste and Emissions Trading Act .
Trading scheme
26. In October 1999, in the consultation
paper "Limiting Landfill"[1]
the Government outlined several options for meeting the targets
in Article 5(2) of the Directive. The option of a tradable permit
(now allowance) scheme was supported by over 70% of the responses
to the paper. As a result Waste Strategy 2000 signalled the Government's
intention to introduce a system of tradable landfill allowances
in England to limit the amount of BMW authorities could landfill.
27. The Government published a second consultation
paper, Tradable Landfill Permits[2]
in June 2001, outlining the basis of how the scheme might work
and suggesting options for its implementation. In the light of
responses to the second consultation paper the Government introduced
the Waste and Emissions Trading Bill for consideration by the
Houses of Parliament in November 2002. The Bill, which became
an Act in November 2003, sets the framework for a landfill allowance
trading scheme and provides for the details of the scheme to be
established in regulations made by the Secretary of State.
28. The first set of Regulations[3],
sharing the UK total of allowances between the four component
countries, have been agreed by Parliament. England's Landfill
Allowances and Trading Scheme Regulations will be considered by
Parliament in the Autumn. Each local authority was notified of
its provisional allocation for each year of the landfill allowances
scheme (2005-06 to 2019-20) on 11 August. The notification explains
how each authority's landfill allowances has been calculated,
gives them an early indication of the allocation they will receive
under the scheme and provides an opportunity to comment on the
calculation of their provisional allocation and to notify Defra
of any errors in the data used by 8 October 2004.
Data
29. Defra publishes estimates and final
figures on municipal waste arisings and management in its Municipal
Waste Management Survey. The latest results are based on information
supplied by local authorities in England for the financial year
2002-03.
Municipal waste arisings and management:
— The total amount of municipal waste
has continued to rise to an estimated 29.3 million tonnes in England
in 2002-03 compared to 28.8 million tonnes in 2001-02, an increase
of 1.8%.
— In total, 24.8% (7.3 million tonnes)
of municipal waste had some sort of value (recycling, composting,
energy from waste) recovered from it in 2002-03, a rise from 22.4%
(6.4 million tonnes) in 2001-02.
— The proportion of municipal waste
being recycled or composted increased from 13.6% in 2001-02 to
15.6% in 2002-03. The proportion of waste incinerated with energy
recovery has remained roughly constant at just under 9%.
— The proportion of municipal waste
being disposed of in landfill has decreased from 77% in 2001-02
to 75% in 2002-03.
— For the first time in recent years
the actual tonnage of municipal waste disposed of in landfill
has also decreased slightly from 22.3 million tonnes in 2001-02
to 22.0 million tonnes in 2002-03. It is now about the same level
it was in 1999-2000.
WIP/WRAP
30. The Waste Implementation Programme (WIP)
was set up by Defra in June 2003. WIP is focused on supporting
local authorities to deliver improved services and meet their
targets. These include statutory recycling and composting targets
for each local authority in England. The national target of 17%
of household waste recycling and composting by 2003-04 is a key
milestone on the way to meeting the Landfill Directive targets.
31. WIP is taking forward eight work-streams,
three of which are being managed by WRAP, that, alongside policies
set out in Waste Strategy 2000 (eg increases in landfill tax),
are aimed at driving waste management solutions up the waste hierarchy.
WIP is heavily focused on delivery—looking to make a strong
positive impact and work with stakeholders. The eight WIP programmes
are:
— Local authority funding
— Local Authority Support
— Waste Minimisation (WRAP takes the
lead)
— Kerbside (WRAP takes the lead)
— Waste Awareness (WRAP takes the lead)
32. WIP is making good progress in rolling-out
these programmes. For example, WIP's Local Authority Support Unit
has provided a range of targeted support measures, which can be
found on the Defra website at http://lasupport.defra.gov.uk/.
Issues covered on the website include procurement; strategy making;
kerbside, including a recyclables capture toolkit; estates; civic
amenity sites and bulky goods collections. Additionally, the Local
Authority Support Unit has offered all local authorities up to
£20,000 of direct consultancy support, including to assist
planning for the introduction of the Landfill Allowance Trading
Scheme.
33. Preferred bidders have now been identified
to take forward a first tranche of new technology demonstration
plants. This will give local authority and industry stakeholders
the opportunity to see first hand the operation of different waste
treatment technologies that offer a viable alternative to landfill.
The aim is to have five operational pilot plants in place by end-2005,
with a further five by end-2006. A separate data centre will bring
together current data and research on new and emerging technologies,
including the results of the demonstrator projects. A support
programme has also been set up to ensure that these results are
widely and effectively disseminated to all the relevant stakeholders.
34. Work is also underway to improve the
effective co-ordination, provision and dissemination of data and
research on different waste streams. A 3-year national data strategy
will be issued for public consultation in autumn 2004. The aim
is to meet the data needs of local authorities (who should be
better equipped to develop long-term planning for their waste
management activities) and inform investment decisions by the
waste industry. Defra plans to publish a new waste R&D strategy
in late September, aimed at delivering a sound evidence base for
better-informed policy development, implementation, monitoring
and evaluation for sustainable waste management at both the national
and local levels. This will include effective mechanisms for access
to, and dissemination of, research results.
35. WRAP is making good progress on waste
minimisation with a Home Composting Programme, delivered collaboratively
with local authority and community partners. Work is also underway
to support the development of a Real Nappies Programme, including
research on stakeholder perceptions and assessing different communication
and awareness raising options.
36. WRAP's major Retailers Initiative is
currently underway, seeking to work with the top retail supermarket
chains. Retailers and producers can help to reduce waste by eco-design
to ensure products are more recyclable and friendlier to the environment.
This could reduce the amount of packaging/waste passed on to households.
WRAP is currently developing a strategy for engaging retailers
at a high level to secure agreement to waste reduction measures.
Hand-in-hand with the Retailer Initiative is a Waste Minimisation
Innovation Fund, aimed at providing support for retailer-led innovation
projects. The fund will provide resources (research, pilot programmes,
professional services and capital grants) to retailers wishing
to work with WRAP on waste minimisation projects.
37. WRAP's separate work on market development
for recyclates has progressed well since its establishment in
2001. Over the first three years of it's work programme, WRAP
have played a key role in increasing recycling capacity in the
UK. Across WRAP's material streams (paper, plastic, glass, wood
and aggregates) over 1.3 million tonnes of extra capacity is operational
or under construction, with a further 1.8 million tonnes in delivery.
WRAP projects have also secured over £120 million investment
from the private sector. Through their work WRAP projects have
identified new uses for recycled materials such as lightweight
lorry panelling, fluxing agents, water filtration media and carpet
underlay. The market development programme has developed and launched
a number of Publicly Available Specifications for materials, to
set recognisable standards and thereby increase certainty in the
quality of recycled materials. WRAP have also provided training
to many local authorities and voluntary groups, run seminars and
events and have developed a number of well received web resources,
such as the Aggregain Website.
38. WRAP's market development programme
is set to continue to at least 2006 and is aiming to build on
the results and successes of its original work programme to further
increase recycling capacity, turn the results of R&D projects
from the first three years into commercially viable projects,
deliver further training and advice and encourage further investment
in recycling businesses.
FUNDING FOR
LOCAL AUTHORITIES
39. The delivery of national policy objectives
for waste—including the obligations imposed by the EU Landfill
Directive—will increase local authority waste management
costs and requires significant new investment in collection systems,
recycling facilities and waste processing plants.
40. The Private Finance Initiative (PFI)
is increasingly one of the key mechanisms for funding investment
in waste services. Government has increased resources provided
for waste PFI projects in recent years. To date, 16 waste PFI
projects have been approved, of which nine are operational. The
other seven are at procurement stage. Over the next six months
another four projects are likely to be approved with combined
PFI credits of £207 million. PFI is making a significant
contribution to the delivery of key waste management objectives.
and these projects help to promote new technology options as Defra's
selection criteria places considerable emphasis on recycling and
the use of innovative approaches.
41. Additional funding support for local
authorities is provided through the Waste Minimisation and Recycling
Fund ("The Challenge Fund"). In February 2004, Ministers
announced over £40 million in additional funding to help
local authorities provide improved waste services (particularly
kerbside recycling) to around 2 million extra households. These
projects will also divert some 300,000 tonnes of waste from landfill
each year. A total of £223.8 million has been awarded to
local authorities, outside of London, since 2002-03.
42. Defra has made available a £20
million targeted recycling grant for local authorities in 2004-05
to address the pressure each authority faces to invest in its
waste management services this year—particularly to meet
its Statutory Performance Standard for recycling and composting
in 2005-06. A formula has been designed to distribute the grant
between local authorities according to need to spend on waste
management services.
43. The consultation on the Government's
proposed design for the Waste Performance Reward Grant (£45
million in 2005-06, £105 million 2006-07, £110 million
2007-08) ended on 31 March. Officials are continuing to analyse
responses received, many of which expressed legitimate concerns.
The Government will make an announcement on the final design in
due course.
44. The 2004 Spending Review provided an
extra £150 million PFI credits per year by 2007-08, and an
extra £35 million over two years (2006-07 and 2007-08) for
the new waste management Performance Reward Grant to enable investment
in sustainable waste management. This was in addition to increases
of £389 million in 2006-07 and £823 million in 2007-08
in local government funding through the Environmental, Protective
and Cultural Services (EPCS) block grant, which funds activities
including waste management. This increase in EPCS funding includes
the recycling of revenues from the Landfill Tax escalator to local
authorities.
PLANNING
45. Diverting waste away from landfill requires
the development of a range of other waste management facilities.
The planning system plays a critical role in enabling the delivery
of such facilities. Defra is working closely with the ODPM in
a revision of the planning policy guidance note (PPG10) that sets
out national planning policy on waste management. The revision
is part of the Government's drive to streamline planning policy
to give greater clarity in terms of the outcomes to be achieved.
The ODPM expect to consult on a draft of the new planning policy
statement later this year. This will build on the planning reforms
already being taken forward by the Deputy Prime Minister following
the enactment of the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004.
46. Alongside this work, Defra will be consulting
on draft guidance on the preparation of municipal waste management
strategies. These will help inform the planning process as well
as providing a mechanism for local authorities to plan the future
management of municipal waste and associated investment decisions.
47. The department has published an independent
Review of the Environmental and Health Effects of Waste Management
which has been sent to all local authorities. In the foreword
to the report the Minister of State, Environment and Agri-Environment,
urged local planning authorities to press ahead urgently with
the task of approving planning applications for waste management
facilities. Mr Morley has also written to all local authorities
in England on the importance of having hazardous waste facilities
in place.
D. CONCLUSION
48. The Landfill Directive signals a major
change in the way the UK deals with its waste. The UK supports
the overall aim of the Directive "to prevent or reduce as
far as possible the negative effects on the environment from the
landfilling of waste". Moreover, the UK also views landfilling
as unsustainable as it wastes resources and creates potential
environmental problems for generations to come. It therefore also
supports the underlying principle of the Directive that wherever
possible, alternatives to landfill that have less environmental
impact and makes better use of resources should be explored.
49. The new Hazardous Waste Regulations
will streamline procedures in dealing with hazardous waste from
point of production to point of disposal/reuse where possible,
while retaining the necessary controls. The overall aim is to
ensure that the requirements of the Hazardous Waste Directive
are fully implemented in a cost effective way which minimises
additional burdens on industry.
50. The Government cannot achieve those
goals alone. Waste producers, waste managers, regulators, local
authorities, representative organisations and consumers must all
work with Government and each other if the very real benefits
on offer by the Landfill Directive are to be fully realised.
Annex A
WASTE POLICY AND THE LANDFILL DIRECTIVE
Chronological Order of Events
April 1999
| Landfill Directive agreed in Council of Ministers
|
| July 1999 | Landfill Directive published in Official Journal
|
| October 1999 | Limiting Landfill consultation
|
| August 2000 | Implementing the Landfill Directive (1st) consultation
|
| June 2001 | Tradable Landfill Permits consultation
|
| July 2001 | Transposition deadline for Landfill Directive
|
| October 2001 | Implementing Landfill Directive (2nd) consultation
|
| June 2002 | Landfill Regulations come into force
|
| November 2002 | Waste and Emissions Trading Bill presented to Parliament
|
| December 2002 | Council Decision on Waste Acceptance Criteria agreed
|
| December 2002 | Hazardous Waste Forum launched
|
| January 2003 | Council Decision on Waste Acceptance Criteria published
|
| August 2003 | Landfill Allowances Trading Scheme (LATS) consultation
|
| September 2003 | Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC) consultation
|
| November 2003 | WET Bill Royal Assent
|
| December 2003 | Landfill and Hazardous Waste Implementation Prog.
|
| December 2003 | Publication of Hazardous Waste Forum Action Plan
|
| March 2004 | WAC consultation outcome
|
| April 2004 | LATS consultation outcome
|
| June 2004 | Landfill (Amendment) Regulations [WAC] come into force
|
| July 2004 | Landfill Scheme Regulations come into force
|
| July 2004 | Hazardous Waste Regulations consultation
|
| |
Annex B
WASTE POLICY AND THE LANDFILL DIRECTIVE
HAZARDOUS WASTE
FORUM: TERMS
OF REFERENCE
The Forum's terms of reference are:
(a) to advise on the way ahead over the next five years
for reducing hazardous waste and better managing it;
(b) to identify opportunities to reduce the production
of hazardous waste and to recover that which is produced;
(c) to consider the impacts of existing and forthcoming
legislation, and advise on Government/Agency action; and
(d) to provide up-to-date and reliable data.
1
Limiting Landfill: A Consultation paper on limiting landfill
to meet the EC Landfill Directive's targets for the landfill of
biodegradable municipal waste. Back
2
Tradable landfill permits: A consultation paper. Back
3
The Landfill (Scheme Year and Maximum Landfill Amount) Regulations
2004 (2004 No 1936). Back
| 
