Select Committee on Welsh Affairs Fourth Report


4 Measuring the Performance of the Police

A Snap-shot of the Performance of the Welsh police forces

Background

60. During our inquiry we received assessments of the performance of the Welsh police forces. On all performance indicators, both the Home Office and Her Majesty's Inspector of Constabulary (HMIC) reported to us that "generally speaking, the Welsh forces are in a pretty good state".[101] We have set out below, a brief overview of the current performance of the four Welsh police forces.

Dyfed-Powys police force

61. Dyfed-Powys police covers over half the landmass of Wales and is the largest police area within Wales and England. The resident population is 488,298, but that is supplemented by 13 million visitors annually. At the end of March 2004, the Force consisted of 1,172 police officers (excluding probationary constables) and 509 police staff members.[102]

62. The force headquarters is located in Carmarthen, and there are four Basic Command Units (BCUs) (also known as Divisions) in Carmarthenshire, Powys, Pembrokeshire and Ceredigion. Since the 1st April 2001, each BCU has been coterminous with the council and Community Safety Partnership (CSP).[103]

63. For the purposes of performance measurement, Dyfed-Powys is included in a Similar Forces Group with Devon and Cornwall, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, North Wales, North Yorkshire and Suffolk.

64. HMIC performance data indicated an increase in target crimes in the financial year 2003/04:

41.7% increase in Domestic Burglary

14.6% increase in Vehicle Crime

35% increase in Robbery.[104]

65. Despite those increases, Dyfed-Powys has the lowest rate of crimes per 1000 population in England and Wales. However, the percentage of offences brought to justice in Dyfed-Powys fell by 4.3% and the percentage of offences detected and sanctioned fell by 33.2%.[105] Increasing compliance with the National Crime Recording Standard has contributed to a large increase in crime numbers and a reduction in detections per crime from the previous year. However, performance on Investigating and Reducing Crime is still considered to be above that of the most similar forces.

66. The Home Office told us that Dyfed-Powys' performance was better than its peers in all domains except Resource Usage (sickness levels). It also told us that Dyfed-Powys was rated as "excellent" in dealing with Volume Crime, Hate Crime and Community Safety Partnerships, but rated as "poor" in Human Resource Management by the HMIC baseline assessment. In all of its other performance domains Dyfed-Powys was rated as "good" or "fair".[106]

Gwent police force

67. The Gwent police force polices over half a million people. The force area includes several Valley towns and communities, and includes the large towns of Monmouth, Caerphilly, Pontypool and Ebbw Vale, as well as the city of Newport. The County Borough Council areas of Caerphilly, Torfaen and Blaenau Gwent fall into the EU Structural Funds, Objective 1 areas. All the wards in Newport County Borough contain areas of economic hardship that qualify for funding under the EU Structural Funds, Objective 2 or other transitional programmes for social and economic regeneration. Newport also has a multi-ethnic population and a vibrant social scene. The force area is policed by 1,375.7 police officers supported by 629.3 police staff. The force headquarters is located in Cwmbran, and there are three Basic Command Units (BCUs) (known locally as Divisions), Newport, Torfaen and Monmouthshire, and Caerphilly and Blaenau Gwent. Each BCU is coterminous with one or more council and Community Safety Partnership.[107]

68. For the purposes of performance measurement, Gwent is included in the Similar Forces Group with Durham, Hertfordshire, Humberside, Kent, Lancashire, Northamptonshire and South Wales.

69. HMIC performance data shows a mixed picture across the target crimes in the financial year 2003/04:

6.6% increase in Domestic Burglary

7.1% increase in Vehicle crime

16.7% decrease in Robbery.[108]

70. The Home Office told us that in Gwent, the percentage of offences brought to justice rose by 2.7%, while the percentage of offences detected and sanctioned fell by 11.7%. Whilst Gwent's performance remained higher than that of its peers in Reducing Crime, Investigating Crime and Promoting Public Safety, the Reducing Crime and Investigating Crime domains have seen a decline in performance since 2002/03.[109]

71. We were also informed that sickness rates for police officers and other staff in 2003/04 were the highest in England and Wales, and had increased from the previous year. However, Gwent was considered 'excellent' in dealing with Reassurance by the HMIC baseline assessment. All other performance domains were considered 'good' or 'fair'.[110]

North Wales police force

72. North Wales is responsible for policing a resident population of just over 660,000, which increases significantly with an influx of tourists, especially during the summer months. The force contains a large rural area, including the Snowdonia National Park, and conurbations surrounding Wrexham and the ferry port at Holyhead. The Force area is policed by 1555 police officers supported by police staff.[111]

73. The force headquarters is located in Colwyn Bay, and there are three Basic Command Units (BCUs) (known locally as divisions). Each BCU is coterminous with the local authority and Community Safety Partnership boundaries: the Western Division with Ynys Môn and Gwynedd Councils, the Central Division with Conwy and Denbighshire Councils, and the Eastern Division with Flintshire and Wrexham Councils.[112]

74. For the purposes of performance measurement, North Wales is included in the Similar Forces Group with Devon & Cornwall, Dyfed-Powys, Gloucestershire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, North Yorkshire and Suffolk.

75. HMIC performance data indicated significant improvements in performance in the current financial year (2003/04), with year on year comparisons showing:

23% decrease in Domestic Burglary

5.9% decrease in Vehicle crime

10.3% decrease in Robbery.[113]

76. Home Office figures also indicate that the percentage of offences brought to justice rose by 6.1% and that North Wales was performing better than its Similar Forces in the area of Reducing Crime. While it had an above average reduction in the number of target crimes, performance was slightly below average in the other 5 domains. However, investigating crime figures showed an improvement from the previous year, with an increase in the proportion of offences brought to justice. North Wales was considered 'excellent' in dealing with Critical Incident Management, while all other performance domains were considered 'good' or 'fair'.[114]

South Wales police force

77. Whilst South Wales police force area occupies only 10% of the landmass of Wales, it contains 42% (1.3million) of the population, and includes the rapidly expanding cities of Cardiff and Swansea. South Wales police force is the 11th largest police force in Wales and England, with an establishment of 3,313 police officers and 1,715 civilian staff. During 2003/05, South Wales Police dealt with 52% of all 999 calls and 40% of immediate response incidents in Wales.[115]

78. The force headquarters, and one of seven Basic Command Units are located in Bridgend. The other BCUs are located in Cardiff, Merthyr Tydfil, Neath and Port Talbot, Rhondda Cynon Taff, Swansea and the Vale of Glamorgan. Each BCU is coterminous with at least one council and Community Safety Partnership.

79. For the purposes of performance measurement, South Wales is included in the Similar Forces Group with Avon & Somerset, Durham, Gwent, Humberside, Lancashire, South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire.

80. HMIC performance data indicated improvements in performance in the current financial year (2003/04), with year on year comparisons showing:

9.7% decrease in Domestic Burglary

11% decrease in Vehicle crime

4.2% decrease in Robbery.[116]

81. The percentage of offences brought to justice rose by 3.1%, and the percentage of offences detected and sanctioned fell by 1.3%. In 2003/04 South Wales performed better than its peers for the domains of Reducing Crime, Investigating Crime, Citizen Focus and Promoting Public Safety, and has seen an improvement in performance from the previous year. Performance on Resource Usage and Providing Assistance was slightly below average, but sickness rates have fallen slightly from the previous year. South Wales was considered 'excellent' in dealing with Hate Crime, Professional Standards and Community Safety Partnerships. All other performance domains were graded 'good' or 'fair'.[117]

Measuring Police Performance

Background

82. The assessment of the Welsh police forces, summarised above, indicates that in the main, they are performing reasonably well. However, the Police are measured under a number different regimes. While the traditional HMIC reports remain a crucial element in considering the performance of the Welsh police forces, the National Policing Plan has also introduced a new performance structure which measures performance over a much wider number of indicators than previous performance frameworks.[118] We set out the various performance regimes below.

HMIC Performance Monitoring

83. For over 50 years, Her Majesty's Inspectors of Constabulary (HMICs) have been charged with examining and improving the efficiency of the police service in England and Wales. HMIC reports on the efficiency and effectiveness of each force, the extent to which it achieves the best results with the resources available and that those results are the right ones. In carrying out its reports, HMIC takes into consideration: the Government's Public Service Agreement performance targets for policing; the objectives set locally by Police Authorities; other priorities determined in consultation with the Home Office; and issues determined by HMIs, based on trends identified during the inspection process.[119]

84. On the 14 June 2004, HMIC published baseline assessment reports for all 43 English and Welsh forces, offering a statement of each force's relative strengths and weaknesses. As the Audit Commission in Wales told us, the baseline provides a point against which progress can be measured and an early warning of performance deterioration. It is designed as a self-assessment process, with the degree of validation/reality checking undertaken by HMIC increasingly dependent on a force's performance and the rigour of its internal assessment.[120] The HMIC baseline reviews have shown that all Forces in Wales are not performing below their counterparts in England.[121]

85. The Police Performance Monitoring report for 2003/04, published in September 2004, looked at performance over 6 domains of policing. The report showed that performance in North Wales and South Wales was generally improving, while performance in Gwent and Dyfed-Powys showed an apparent decline. However it did note that in the domains of 'Reducing Crime' and 'Investigating Crime' both Gwent and Dyfed-Powys remained above the average for comparable forces.[122]

Policing Performance Assessment Framework

86. The Policing Performance Assessment Framework (PPAF) is an initiative led by the Home Office. In addition to focusing on operational effectiveness, the PPAF provides measures of satisfaction and overall trust and confidence in the police, as well as measures that put performance into context in terms of efficiency and organizational capability. The PPAF is used to help demonstrate success in achieving the five key priorities of the National Policing Plan for 2004-07 and of 2005-08.[123]

87. The Policing Performance Assessment Framework arose from an acknowledgement that police activity incorporates a huge range of functions, and that comparisons based on crime management alone are misleading. The PPAF incorporates a much wider range of work undertaken by the police.[124]

88. The 2002 National Policing Plan explained that the Home Office, in partnership with the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO), the Association of Police Authorities (APA) and other key stakeholders, would develop a balanced performance assessment framework for policing - the 'Policing Performance Assessment Framework'. The PPAF facilitates the monitoring of policing performance across seven key domains: citizen focus; reducing crime; investigating crime; promoting public safety; providing assistance; resource usage; and local priorities. The Home Office sets Statutory Performance Indicators (SPIs) for the first six domains and police authorities set indicators for the local domain.[125]

89. The PPAF was broadly welcomed by the Chief Constables in Wales. Mike Tonge, the Chief Constable of Gwent police asserted, "I think the way performance indicators have gone is they have moved from the quantitative, chunking sort of indicators to more qualitative indicators that reflect what the public want to see from its police service and that will allow, I think, the police service to get back to its basics of being locally based and dealing with local issues and I welcome that".[126]

The National Crime Recording Standard

90. The Audit Commission in Wales drew our attention to a further key assessment of police performance; the measurement of the quality of data available to inform decision making on policing matters; to reassure the public on the level of crime; and the success of the various agencies in reducing crime. The National Crime Recording Standard (NCRS) was designed in order to improve the quality of crime data that was recorded.[127] The standard was introduced for adoption by all police forces in April 2002. The Standard is victim orientated and requires all police forces to record incidents brought to their attention as a crime. The new system is widely regarded as more stringent than previous systems, and since its introduction most forces who have implemented it have experienced a rise in recorded crime rates.[128]

91. Forces measured are given an NCRS grading; Red indicates some serious problems to be resolved; Amber indicates moderate performance but that further work is needed in key areas; and Green indicates a good or satisfactory level of performance has been achieved and that no further action was required other than to maintain performance.[129]

92. In 2004, North Wales police was assessed overall as Green in both the last two years while the overall assessment for Dyfed-Powys police improved from Red in 2003 to Amber in 2004.[130] Both Gwent Police and South Wales police were assessed overall as Amber for both years. Chief Constable Richard Brunstrom told us that hitherto, there had not been an agreed method of measuring the standard of crime recording that was comparable across police force boundaries. He argued that this had "held back the development of policing at Government level and professionally within the service" and was confident that new performance measurements were addressing that problem.[131]

Processing Performance Data

93. A common concern amongst the four Chief Constables in Wales was the number of departments and agencies that required performance data from the police. Chief Constable Terence Grange of Dyfed-Powys police highlighted this problem. He told us that he provided information to "umpteen departments in the Home Office", and averred that one part of the Home Office rarely knew that another part of the Home Office had already requested that information. He also listed the Policing Standards Unit; the Audit Commission; Her Majesty's Inspector of Constabulary; and the Health and Safety Executive as further bodies that demanded information. In total he believed there to be nine separate bodies to which he had to submit information.[132] Chief Constable Mike Tonge of Gwent police agreed that the provision of information was a heavy burden. He argued that:

"in my previous force we used to provide about a thousand pages of information to the police authority alone, but if you then add to it Her Majesty's Inspector of Constabulary, the Police Standards Unit, the Home Office and all the other agencies that we deal with then it is a lot of data. Then you couple with that data to our partners whom we work with, which is very important. It is a huge amount of effort".[133]

94. Barbara Wilding, the Chief Constable of South Wales police highlighted the cost implications of providing that level of information. She estimated that the cost to the force, was £328,000 in "just the people we employ to receive the data and marshal it".[134] Furthermore she explained that that figure did not include the opportunity costs of those who initially gather the data. She strongly argued that it was

"an awful lot of the public's money that is being gathered to fulfil this complete plethora of different ways that people want the same data gathered. If you had one structure that managed everybody's concerns we would probably be able to release more of the publics money to put into operational policing".[135]

Chief Constable Terence Grange of Dyfed-Powys police confirmed that the burden also had an impact on his staffing costs as he had a couple of staff members in his Corporate Services department who "spend virtually all their time gathering this information to pass it on to various governmental departments".[136]

95. Chief Constable Mike Tonge was concerned that the 2004 Plan had only added to that burden:

"The Government did say last year, actually, the new National Policing Plan will have less targets and monitors in there and they will be more qualitative, but I have to say, having read it, there are even more measures in there and not many have dropped off the agenda." [137]

He believed that the police were now "over-taxed" in terms of providing data to those departments and agencies. However he saw an opportunity to reduce that burden in the long term though the shift from the quantitative to the qualitative type indicators.[138]

96. During our visits to the forces in Wales, we witnessed, first hand, that this issue was not restricted to headquarters and management staff. Anecdotal evidence from Cardiff indicated that Community Beat Managers now spent a significant part of their time re-producing the same information on separate forms to be fed to separate agencies and into separate databases.[139] This was a common complaint in all the force areas we visited.

97. We agree that the measurement of performance is both necessary and desirable to gauge the success, or otherwise, of the police forces in Wales. However, we share the concerns of the Welsh police forces that the collection of data for the wide number of performance regimes represents an onerous burden. We recommend that the Government look closely at that burden and consider a streamlined approach to data collection that would reduce the impact on the police time.


101   Informal briefing. Back

102   Ev 171 Back

103   Ev 171 Back

104   Ev 319 Back

105   Ev 319 Back

106   Ev 319 Back

107   www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/gwentbaseline1004.pdf p. 9 Back

108   Ev 320 Back

109   Ev 320 Back

110   Ev 320 Back

111   www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/nwalbaseline0604.pdf p. 9 Back

112   www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/nwalbaseline0604.pdf p. 9 Back

113   Ev 320 Back

114   www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/nwalbaseline0604.pdf p.9 Back

115   www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/swalbaseline0604.pdf p.9 Back

116   Ev 320 Back

117   Ev 321 Back

118   Ev 318 Back

119   www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/hmicrole.pdf Back

120   Ev 404 Back

121   Ev 404, For full HMIC reports for the four Welsh Forces see:

www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/dyfebaseline0604.pdf

www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/nwalbaseline0604.pdf

www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/swalbaseline0604.pdf

www.homeoffice.gov.uk/hmic/gwenbaseline0604.pdf Back

122   Ev 319 Back

123   www.policereform.gov.uk/docs/national_policing_plan/npp2004-9.html Back

124   Ev 284 Back

125   Ev 318 Back

126   Q224 Back

127   Ev 399 Back

128   Ev 399 Back

129   Ev 399 Back

130   Ev 399 and 400 Back

131   Q167 Back

132   Q74 Back

133   Q226 Back

134   Q149 Back

135   Q149 Back

136   Q75 Back

137   Q225 Back

138   Q225 Back

139   An outline programme for the visit can be found at Annex A. Back


 
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