Supplementary memorandum submitted by
the UK Petroleum Industry Association (UKPIA)
When the UK Petroleum Industry Association (UKPIA)
gave evidence to the Committee we promised information on Well
to Wheels emissions for different biofuels and growth rates in
China and India. The information is given below.
WELL TO
WHEELS EMISSIONS
FOR DIFFERENT
BIOFUELS
The figure below gives the well to wheels carbon
dioxide equivalent emissions for a range of biofuels options based
on 2010 technology.
Source: Concawe/Eucar/JRC
The data is taken from a study by Concawe (the
European oil industry research group), Eucar (the European motor
industry research group) and the European Commission's Joint Research
Centre (JRC). The figure shows predicted emissions for conventional
petrol and diesel for Golf sized cars in 2010 and a range of biofuels
options.
— The biogas option show the largest
saving but feedstock is limited and may be better used for electricity
generation (as landfill gas is used currently).
— The E5 (5% ethanol 95% petrol) and
B5 (5% biodiesel and 95% diesel) options offer a small saving
over conventional petrol and diesel.
— The E100 (100% ethanol) and B100
(100% biodiesel) from a range of feedstocks offer much greater
savings but would not necessarily be acceptable fuels eg E85 is
used to give easier starting.
— Converting remote gas to liquids
increases emissions or reduces them slightly if carbon capture
and storage is used.
— Biomass to liquids which uses the
same technology as gas or coal to liquids offers much larger savings.
The table in the annex gives the carbon dioxide
equivalent well to wheels emissions for a range of biofuels options
for 2010 and hybrid vehicles. NB Using the carbon dioxide equivalent
allows for the greater effect of methane and other emissions on
climate change, compared to carbon dioxide.
GROWTH IN
INDIA AND
CHINA
In response to your question about GDP growth
rates in China and India one of our member companies supplied
the following information.
GROWTH RATES
|
| 2005
| 2006 | 2007
| 2005-10 | 2010-20
| 2020-30 |
|
| China | 9.9%
| 8.6% | 8.5%
| 7.8% | 6.6%
| 5.8% |
| India | 8.0%
| 7.0% | 6.8%
| 6.3% | 5.3%
| 5.0% |
|
They also estimated that the oil demand for China would double
between 2004 and 2030 from around 26 to 52 million barrels oil
equivalent per day. For India they estimate an increase in oil
demand between 2004 and 2030 from around 11 to 29 million barrels
oil equivalent per day.
Thank you for the opportunity to contribute to the Committee's
work.
| 
