Select Committee on Trade and Industry Minutes of Evidence


APPENDIX 13

Memorandum by Postwatch

    —    the extent to which the refinancing package announced by the Government will help Royal Mail to pay for modernisation and deal with its pension fund deficit;

    —    the structure of the "shares" scheme proposed by Royal Mail managers, and its implications for the future of Royal Mail Group; and

    —    the future of the Post Office Card Account and the effects on the Post Office network.

  1.  Postwatch welcomes the opportunity to contribute to the Trade and Industry Committee's timely review of the Royal Mail Group with an informed customer view of developments in the postal services market.

  2.  The review comes at a period of considerable change in the UK postal market:

    (i)  Full liberalisation of the postal market was introduced in January, and, whilst full competition will not happen rapidly, the competitive market continues to develop.

    (ii)  Royal Mail has chosen to introduce "Pricing in Proportion"; and will do so on 21 August, representing a major change to the way the company charges for postage, and a significant challenge to increase customer understanding and awareness of the change and its implications.

    (iii)  Royal Mail continues to improve both its financial and quality of service performance. However, important customer concerns remain, including the company bringing forward many post box final collection times, inconsistent delivery times, and mail security issues.

    (iv)  There is continuing uncertainty over the long-term future of rural and urban deprived post offices, with a government consultation on the "social" network's future originally expected in late 2005, but yet to be published.

  3.  We would also like to take this particular opportunity to point out to the Committee that, if the DTI's current proposals on the restructuring of consumer representation, including Postwatch, were implemented unchanged, it seems unlikely that the Committee—and other interested parties such as Postcomm—would in future be able to access such knowledgeable sector-specific advice from the perspective of the consumer. Postwatch invites the Committee to consider this matter and make its views known to the DTI. We would be pleased to provide further information on how Postwatch could be maintained but restructured and made more cost-effective.

The extent to which the refinancing package announced by the Government will help Royal Mail to pay for modernisation and deal with its pension fund deficit

  4.  It is understood that Royal Mail is facing a pension fund deficit in the region of £5.6 billion, and it has warned that without some form of assistance from the government the company will be unable to compete in a fully liberalised postal market. Raising prices was, on its own, regarded as insufficient to fund the £2 billion investment programme needed to compete with other postal operators, as well as making inroads into the pension fund deficit.

  5.  We welcome the financial package as set out by the government. Postwatch is pleased that Royal Mail has approached the shareholder for the investment funding the company needs. This is preferable to Royal Mail asking customers again to pay more. Stamp prices are already set to increase above the rate of inflation for each of the next three years. Customers are doing their bit so it is therefore encouraging that the shareholder should also contribute.

  6.  We recognise that Royal Mail needs to invest in automation to be a world-class postal service provider and this £1.75 billion package will provide the necessary funds for Royal Mail to catch up with the likes of Deutsche Post and the Dutch based TPG who have both invested substantially in machinery.

The structure of the "shares" scheme proposed by Royal Mail managers, and its implications for the future of Royal Mail Group

  7.  Royal Mail management introduced "Share in Success", a profit-sharing scheme. The company recently announced that 2005-06 was the second successive year in which employees would benefit from this scheme (including, for the first time, subpostmasters).

  8.  Postwatch wants to see an effective Royal Mail underpinned by a stable, workforce, and we therefore welcome efforts to motivate and retain staff, including subpostmasters. Similarly we are pleased to see a reduction in industrial action among Royal Mail staff.

  9.  Postwatch understands that Royal Mail management wants to give the workforce a stake in the business through the distribution of shares. We understand the desire to gain employee buy-in when going through a period of change.

  10.  The structure of the "shares" scheme is not a matter for Postwatch. However, we are aware that this is a controversial issue for the Communication Workers Union, and that there is currently no negotiated agreement between the union and Royal Mail on any such share scheme. We would urge that every effort be made by the partners to work together on this matter to avoid disruption of service to customers.

The future of the Post Office Card Account and its impact on the post office network

  11.  The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) has announced that it will not renew its contract to fund the Post Office Card Account (POCA) in 2010. The introduction of this card and its use by 3.4 million people has helped Post Office Ltd retain some of the £400 million worth of transactions that could otherwise have been lost through the government's change to the direct payment of pensions and benefits.

  12.  Post Office Ltd has said that Post Office Card account business is falling away already, less than six months since the DWP's announcement.

  13.  Postwatch has a responsibility for monitoring the number and location of post offices. We are therefore concerned about the impact of the DWP's decision on the future viability of individual branches and the network as a whole. A further reduction in footfall may jeopardise the viability of post offices, and therefore the accessibility of postal services.

  14.  Postwatch wants customers to have a choice in the ways they are able to receive their pensions and benefits. We recognise that payment into bank accounts is the most suitable option for the majority of people. However, the fact that there are more than three million POCA holders underlines both the importance of the product, and also the popularity of collecting benefits at post offices.

  15.  From 2002, Postwatch, in conjunction with other organisations, campaigned nationally and through its regions to influence the DWP and Post Office Ltd to take proper account of customer interests when migrating some 14 million pension and benefit recipients from payment by order book and giro cheque to payment electronically directly into a suitable bank account, including the POCA.

  16.  One of the tasks undertaken by Postwatch was monitoring and advising the DWP on the material provided to customers. This material did not advise that the card account was only going to be in place until 2010.

  17.  Additionally, as a result of information received from the DWP in the past, Postwatch, in its education and informing role, has never described the POCA as an interim, time limited, solution when speaking to customer groups about their options for receiving benefits.

  18.  Postwatch is also concerned about the timing of the government's decision to discontinue funding the POCA. In a letter dated 23 December 2005 to the Postwatch Wales Chairman, the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State wrote that

    "it is too early to decide what our customers' needs will be in 2010".

  Yet less than two months later, the government had announced the end to POCA funding—in effect, the government had decided that its customers did not need it to fund the POCA post-2010. Postwatch is unaware of any research or consultation undertaken in this interim period that informed this decision.

ANNOUNCEMENT WITHOUT CONSULTATION

  19.  Postwatch and its Counters Advisory Group[26] was not consulted on the decision to discontinue government funding of the POCA, or the likely impact on customers of this decision.

  20.  Postwatch raised the Group's concerns about the future of the POCA and the proposed pilots in a letter to the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (see annex).

  21.  The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, James Plaskitt MP, responded by saying that all existing POCA customers will still be able to use the post office to collect their benefit or pension if they wish by using a bank account there.

  22.  For many DWP customers, this means that they need to change their bank account to one that can be accessed at post offices. Postwatch considers many customers may be resistant to such change; having already applied for and opened a POCA, they are likely to feel changing to a bank account to be unfairly burdensome.

  23.  For vulnerable customers, the Secretary of State said that his department would work with Post Office Ltd to make sure that there is an appropriate alternative product. Postwatch believes such a product should have been developed prior to any announcement. This would have prevented the current levels of uncertainty and concern among stakeholders. This may also have helped Post Office Ltd retain customers.

  24.  Postwatch agrees with the DWP that a range of products could meet customers' needs but is concerned that there is an assumption that the costs of migrating customers can be externalised on to them.

  25.  We consider that the DWP should not invite any other customers to migrate from POCAs until alternative products have been developed or identified.

  26.  Postwatch understands that three types of products or services are required to meet the needs of three types of customers:

    (a)  Those who cannot open a bank account: These individuals will need a basic account that can be accessed in every High Street. A continuing partnership between the DWP and Post Office Ltd appears the most suitable and sustainable answer to these customer needs—preferably with a product that offers greater functionality than the Post Office card account.

    (b)  Those who have a bank account but have chosen to have their benefits paid into the Post Office card account: The motivation of these customers is not fully understood. Their needs could be met through the development of the basic account suggested in (a) and if all bank accounts were made accessible at post office counters (at present 60% accounts cannot be accessed there).

    (c)  Those who use the Post Office card account as an easily accessible savings account, ring-fenced from their current account: These customers would benefit from a post office savings account that offers them interest.

  27.  Products should be developed in consultation with relevant stakeholders and Post Office Ltd, and should be actively promoted to POCA holders and new benefit and pension recipients.

  28.  Alternative products should be available for all customers who do not wish to, or cannot, use a bank account to receive their benefit or pension. For example, customers who have a bank account, but for budgeting reasons wish to have an additional account into which they can receive benefits, should be able to do so. The POCA currently allows them this option; any future replacement should do likewise.

PILOT SCHEMES

  29.  Postwatch was informed in January that pilots would be run during February to test approaches for moving customers from the Post Office card account. The short period between the DWP announcing the trials and their commencement did not give stakeholders sufficient time to inform the development or methodology of the pilots.

  30.  There were three pilots running during February 2006, affecting up to 40,000 people across the UK. They involved:

    (a)  removing the option for some customers to open a POCA when they make a new claim to benefit;

    (b)  writing to some existing POCA customers asking for bank account details; and

    (c)  converting some customers who have one benefit paid by POCA and another already paid into a bank account.

  31.  Postwatch found the language planned for the pilot's communication materials to be misleading. The letters to be sent to customers imply that it is mandatory that POCA users migrate to a bank account. For example:

    "Those people who can use a bank (or building society) account should have their [x benefit] paid into it, rather than into a Post Office card account."

  32.  We requested DWP to clarify whether it is obligatory for customers who receive such a letter to stop receiving state pensions or benefits into their POCA. We also sought confirmation that customers involved in the pilots would be given comprehensive and accurate information about their options, including retaining a POCA account if they wish to do so. Without this information it would be impossible for the customer to make an informed decision and take appropriate action to meet their needs.

  33.  The DWP did not state in either its promotional literature for the Payment Modernisation Programme, or in scripts for use by the Customer Conversion Centre, that the POCA is an interim measure for customers. However, Postwatch is concerned that this was suggested in the letters being used in the pilots, for example:

    "As you have been using your Post Office card account for some time, now is the time to make arrangements to pay your benefit/pension into a bank (or building society) account."

  34.  We consider that letters to customers should have stated explicitly that customers are free to use the POCA for as long as it is eligible for them to do so, regardless of whether they hold an alternative bank or building society account.

  35.  The DWP has not been able to answer our question of why different types of customer prefer to use their POCAs rather than their bank accounts. We feel this question is key to understanding customer needs, and to the development of new products, and to the development of a customer migration process.

  36.  Postwatch accepts Mr Plaskitt's assertion that trials are more informative than surveys when trying to understand what customers would do "if the POCA' weren't available". However, these trials were undertaken before the alternative that DWP announced would be developed was in place and therefore the pilots did not present customers with a full range of options, nor give the DWP with a comprehensive insight into customer behaviour.

  37.  The DWP has agreed to share the findings of its research with Postwatch and our Counters Advisory Group. [27]The Group looks forward to informing future processes and communications to ensure they meet the needs of all DWP customers.

EXISTING ALTERNATIVES TO POCAS

  38.  The POCA is not a perfect product. Postwatch would like any alternative account that replaces the POCA to have, among other improvements, a simpler application process, and an improved system for allowing temporary third party collection of account funds.

  39.  We also consider it is vital that the government undertakes every effort to encourage banks to make available more current accounts at post office counters. Only 40% of UK current accounts are accessible at post offices. As long as Abbey, HSBC, Royal Bank of Scotland, HBOS and Natwest reject proposals to make their accounts accessible at post offices the majority of citizens cannot access cash at their post office.

  40.  According to the British Bankers Association (BBA), of the 5.93 million basic bank accounts in operation, 2.37 million are accessible at post offices. The BBA claims that "the growth in the number of basic accounts which can be operated in bank branches and post offices remains healthy and banks are fully engaged with the government's Financial Inclusion Taskforce to monitor progress toward the shared financial inclusion goal agreed with the Treasury." It also notes the role played by the POCA in financial inclusion.

  41.  Postwatch welcomed the government's decision to introduce a Cheque Payment service for those customers who do not want or who are unable to move to Direct Payment. This service is used by approximately 400,000 people, despite no publicity. The main features of the service are:

    —    Cheques are issued to the customer's home address on a regular basis to match the frequency of their benefit or pension payments.

    —    The cheque provides the facility for a third party to cash the cheque on the customer's behalf. The customer is required to sign the back of the cheque to indicate consent, and the third party also signs the cheque and is required to produce identification.

    —    Contingency arrangements will vary according to individual circumstances, but may be: another cheque being sent, a payment at a Benefit Office, a home visit by a DWP officer.

  42.  Postwatch welcomes the DWP's decision that the cheque payment service will remain in place.

EFFECT ON THE POST OFFICE NETWORK

  43.  Post Office Ltd made an operating loss last year of £111 million. Government business transacted through post office counters is down £168 million year-on-year, and this trend is expected to accelerate following the DWP's decision to end funding for the Post Office Card Account from 2010.

  44.  The rural network is currently supported by the "Social Network Payment", a payment of £150 million a year that helps Post Office Ltd meet the cost of maintaining the non-commercial part of the rural post office network and to test new ways of delivering services into rural areas. This payment is only in place until March 2008.

  45.  In addition to the challenges facing Post Office Ltd management, the reach of the network is reliant on nearly 14,000 private businessmen and women. These subpostmasters are concerned about their future; they cannot be expected to continue to run a business that cannot cover its costs.

  46.  Further change to the network is inevitable due to the decline in government use of the network and changing customer usage. However, without clear government policy, and notice of future funding (or otherwise), Post Office Ltd cannot fully develop its strategy for curbing losses. The resultant uncertainty and loss of income will result in further closures of individual branches, whatever the efforts of Post Office Ltd and individual subpostmasters to keep services open. No-one wants post offices to close, but Postwatch wants to see any changes managed, in order to avoid ad hoc closures and the creation of gaps in the network.

  47.  The DWP's decision to discontinue funding the POCA is likely to have a significant impact on the viability of individual branches and the wider network, with 1 in 6 post office customers using POCAs. The great unknown is whether people will choose to undertake bank account transactions at post office counters or whether the business will be lost to the network altogether.

  48.  Use of the accounts not only results in a transaction fee for subpostmasters; it also brings in the opportunity for sales of other products, either at the post office counter or in the attached retail unit. Such sales help support the financial viability of the retail unit as a whole.

  49.  The government's decision to discontinue the POCA and continuing uncertainty about long-term future funding for rural post offices inevitably affects customers. They are uncertain about future methods of payment for their benefits, and are concerned about the continuity of a valued local service and the need to participate once again in a government-sponsored migration campaign, which many may have found onerous during the original Payment Modernisation Programme.

  50.  Postwatch believes the government needs to recognise the impact of its decisions on the viability of the post office network, and produce a coherent, cross-government strategy for the network's future.

Annex

EXCHANGE OF LETTERS BETWEEN POSTWATCH AND DEPARTMENT FOR WORK AND PENSIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE Post Office CARD ACCOUNT

Letter from Postwatch to the Rt Hon John Hutton MP, Department for Work and Pensions

13 February 2006

  Dear Secretary of State

THE FUTURE FOR THE POST OFFICE CARD ACCOUNT

  Postwatch and its Counters Advisory Group (CAG) is concerned about the approach being taken towards the Post Office card account (POCA) by your department. As you know the Postwatch CAG was extremely concerned about the lack of clear information and choice given to customers during the migration to Direct Payment. We have now been briefed about the pilots for migration from POCAs to bank or building society accounts and are concerned about the purpose and method of the pilots.

  The Postwatch CAG is concerned about the future of the POCA and its customers because:

    —    its demise could have a direct effect on the number of post offices throughout the UK;

    —    the Group represents post office customers, with a particular focus on those on low incomes, the elderly, those with a disability, and people who live in rural areas—the groups to whom the POCA most appeals;

    —    the Group also represents small businesses' interests. Small firms depend on their local post offices for many services. A threat to the survival of local post offices is also a threat to SMEs and the local community as a whole. The proposed change is of concern to business as well as social customers, particularly because many local bank branches have closed, leaving the Post Office as the only banking option in some areas.

    —    As a consequence of information we received from your department in the past, members of the Postwatch Council and CAG members have never described the POCA as an interim, time limited, solution when speaking to customer groups about their options for receiving benefits;

    —    the communication around the proposed pilots are not focused around customer needs, and do not provide sufficient information about all of the options open to the POCA account holder;

    —    The DWP has not provided details about the help that it will provide to customers who are to be migrated from POCAs, but do not have an alternative account.

    —    Alternatives to the POCA, including basic bank accounts, are not designed and delivered around the particular needs of disadvantaged consumers, resulting in problems with access, appropriateness, affordability and availability of these services for vulnerable customers.

  Postwatch recently met your officials to discuss this issue following the press interest surrounding the announcement in the House of Lords. You will appreciate that it would have been better if the department had made an official announcement on this important public policy issue and had actively sought the views of the CAG, as a well established interested party.

  Following the meeting we now have a better understanding of why the DWP wants to contact POCA users who also have a bank account. However, we remain concerned about the forthcoming pilots for the following reasons:

  1.  There seems to have been a lack of sensitive research into customer needs to support the path being pursued. Your department knows why customers like POCAs, but has it undertaken qualitative research to understand why different types of customer prefer to use their, POCAs rather than their bank accounts? If the research has been undertaken, then we along with other stakeholders need to see the outputs to inform our views. If this research has not been undertaken, then the pilots should be suspended until this work has been carried out. The appropriateness of migration to bank and building society accounts can only be established with this information. It would be irresponsible to migrate POCA customers to other accounts which fail to meet their particular needs.

  2.  We believe the language planned for the pilot's communication materials is misleading. The letters to be sent to customers imply that it is mandatory that POCA users migrate to a bank account. For example:

    "Those people who can use a bank (or building society) account should have their [x benefit] paid into it, rather than into a Post Office card account."

  We request clarification from DWP about whether it is obligatory for customers who receive such a letter to stop receiving state pensions or benefits into their POCA. We also seek confirmation that customers involved in the pilots will be given comprehensive and accurate information about their options, including retaining a POCA account if they wish to do so. Without this information it would be impossible for the consumer to make an informed decision and take appropriate action to meet their needs.

  3.  The DWP did not state in either its promotional literature for the Payment Modernisation Programme, or in scripts for use by the Customer Conversion Centre, that the POCA is an interim measure for customers. However, Postwatch is concerned that this is suggested in the letters being used in the proposed pilots, for example:

    "As you have been using your Post Office card account for some time, now is the time to make arrangements to pay your benefit/pension into a bank (or building society) account."

  Letters to customers need to be clear and consistent with DWP policy, stating explicitly that the POCA is not an interim account, and that customers are free to use it for as long as it is eligible for them to do so, regardless of whether they hold an alternative bank or building society account.

  4.  Despite the proposed removal of the funding for POCAs, we welcome the government's assurance that anyone who wants to draw their benefit or their pension from post offices can continue to do so, but it must be noted that only 2.3 million of 5.7 million basic bank accounts are accessible at POs and that majority of current accounts are not accessible at POs. Additionally, we understand from the DWP that Post Office Ltd is looking at developing new accounts that will help people move from POCAs. We look forward to these services being developed and introduced. However, they can only be a real alternative to the POCA if they are designed and delivered appropriately for the needs of disadvantaged consumers and are introduced on a timescale that meets with the planned migration from POCAs.

  5.  All customers should be free to choose any of the range of account options that meets their particular needs. For 4.5 million people the Post Office card account is their preferred option. It is likely that this will continue to appeal to disadvantaged customers. We seek your assurance that individuals becoming eligible for state benefits or pensions will be allowed to opt for a POCA and that it will remain one of the options they choose from.

  For these reasons it is inappropriate to start the pilots now. It would be better to conduct pilots after adequate customer research has been completed and suitable alternative products have been made available. Conducting pilots at a later time would be more instructive for government and stakeholders on the needs and concerns of benefit and pension claimants.

  The Postwatch CAG does not view the POCA as a perfect product. Indeed, we have argued for improvements to be made both to the product and its application process. However, there is a clear demand for a simple product that allows customers to access their pension and benefits payment free of charge at post offices. We want all customers who need to access cash at post offices to be able to do so, and we look forward to working with you and other stakeholders in achieving this aim.

  I understand that a DWP official has agreed to attend the next Postwatch CAG meeting in March to explain the decision and the DWP's short-term plans. As this is some time away, and your department has given stakeholders so little notice of the plans, I and other CAG members listed below would like to discuss this concern with you at the earliest opportunity. I understand that Citizens Advice, another member of the Group, has also written with their concerns and is supportive of the issues raised above.

  I have copied this letter to Barry Gardiner MP.

  Yours sincerely,

  Millie Banerjee CBE

Chair

On behalf of:

Age Concern.

Commission for Rural Communities.

Federation of Small Businesses.

Local Government Association.

National Consumer Council.

National Federation of Subpostmasters.

National Federation of Women's Institutes.

Postcomm.

The Royal National Institute of the Blind.


Letter from DWP, Department for Work and Pensions to Postwatch

7 March 2006

THE FUTURE OF THE POST OFFICE CARD ACCOUNT

  John Hutton has asked me to thank you for your letter of 13 February about the future of the Post Office card account (POca).

  May I begin by congratulating you on your recent appointment—you have joined Postwatch at a time when the Post Office network faces a number of challenges, but also has great opportunities. The ending of Government funding for the POca provides just such challenges and opportunities.

  There has been a great deal of misleading coverage and comment about this issue over the last few weeks. People have suggested that the ending of funding for the POca will close thousands of Post Office branches; that customers will no longer be able to get their benefit or pension at the Post Office; and that we have, in some way, gone back on commitments around the POca. None of this is true and I am pleased to be able to put the record straight:

    —    Government funding for the POca will continue until March 2010 as always planned.

    —    All existing POca customers will still be able to use the Post Office to collect their benefit or pension if they wish by using a bank account there—25 or so different bank accounts can be accessed at Post Office branches now, and we hope there could be more in the future.

    —    There is no reason why the viability of Post Offices should be threatened if customers continue to draw cash at the Post Office after moving on from the POca.

  I understand the Post Office is developing new banking and savings products which may be suitable for some existing POca customers. We would like every DWP customer who currently has a POca to do their banking at the Post Office if that is what they want. Of course there must be appropriate products in place for vulnerable customers when the POca ends in 2010. We will work with Post Office Limited to make sure there are. But Post Office's own research shows that POca customers are far from a homogenous group. They range from some vulnerable groups, to those who do not depend on their pension or Child Benefit and let large balances build up. It is very likely, therefore, that we will be looking at a range of accounts. For some people, using an existing bank account may well be the right answer. I agree with you that it was unfortunate that a Royal Mail Non-Executive Director drew attention to the end of the POca before Post Office Limited themselves were ready to say more about replacement products.

  We must agree to disagree on the approach to research. As you recognise, we have accumulated a great deal of research evidence. But it is generally accepted that research is not always a good way to answer hypothetical questions—eg what would you do if the POca weren't available? For this, it is widely accepted that trials are far more informative. We, are therefore, undertaking some small-scale pilots to test real customer behaviour. When we have the results, we will be happy to share them with you. We, and Post Office Limited, will use the information to plan the approach to 2010, and to inform the design of new products.

  There have been suggestions that our planned changes are about shutting down Post Offices. In fact, we want to work with the Post Office to plan how we can best manage the change and ensure they are delivering services fit for the 21st century. The Government has invested over £2 billion in total since 1999 to help them to do so. The Government wants to see a Post Office network that can prosper on the basis of today's and future needs and not on those of 20 or 30 years ago. It is important for the Government and Post Office to work closely together to ensure customers are fully aware of developments and continue to have a range of choices in how they access their money.

  I know that Postwatch and the Counters Advisory Group have a number of detailed questions about our pilots and overall strategy. I think these are best dealt with by officials at the meeting on 15 March as already planned.

  I am copying this letter to Barry Gardiner MP.

  Yours sincerely,

James Plaskitt MP

Parliamentary Under Secretary of State










26  
A stakeholder forum that informs Postwatch policy and processes, with members including Age Concern, Commission for Rural Communities, Federation of Small Businesses, Help the Aged, Local Government Association (LGA), MENCAP (non-attending), Citizens Advice, National Association of Local Councils (NALC), National Federation of Sub-postmasters (NFSP), National Federation of Women's Institutes (NFWI), Postal Services Commission (Postcomm), Public Utilities Access Forum (PUAF), Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB), Townswomen's Guild, Village Retail Services Association (ViRSA). Back

27   The Postwatch Counters Advisory Group consists of a range of organisations that act on customer concerns about issues affecting the post office network. Members are Age Concern; Commission for Rural Communities; Federation of Small Businesses; Help the Aged; Local Government Association; Citizens Advice; National Association of Local Councils; National Consumer Council; National Federation of Subpostmasters; National Federation of Women's Institutes; Postcomm; Public Utilities Access Forum; Royal National Institute for the Blind; Townswomen's Guild; Village Retail Services Association. Back


 
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