Annex IV
5 AUGUST 2005 E3/EU PROPOSAL
FRAMEWORK FOR A LONG-TERM AGREEMENT BETWEEN
THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN AND FRANCE, GERMANY & THE UNITED
KINGDOM, WITH THE SUPPORT OF THE HIGH REPRESENTATIVE OF THE EUROPEAN
UNION
I. PREAMBLE
1. The introduction would provide the political
chapeau for the overall agreement, setting out the principles
on which a long-term relationship between the E3/EU and Iran would
be based. The E3/EU propose that it should comprise the following
elements.
2. The E3/EU and Iran would:
a. stress the importance of developing relations
of trust and co-operation between the E3/EU and Iran for the preservation
of international peace and stability;
b. define the relationship between the E3/EU
process and the EU/Iran negotiations on a Political Dialogue Agreement
and a Trade & Co-operation Agreement as complementary and
mutually reinforcing;
c. commit themselves to establishing a long-term
relationship in the security and political field based upon shared
principles and conditional on both sides' adherence to all the
principles and commitments set out in the overall agreement;
d. welcome Iran's commitment that, in accordance
with Article II of the Treaty on the Non Proliferation of Nuclear
Weapons, it does not and will not seek to acquire nuclear weapons
or other weapons of mass destruction;
e. recall that Article IV of the Treaty on
the Non Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons stipulates that nothing
in the Treaty shall be interpreted as affecting the inalienable
rights of all the Parties to the Treaty to develop research, production
and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes without discrimination
and in conformity with Articles I and II of the Treaty;
f. affirm that a final agreement on long-term
arrangements providing objective guarantees that Iran's nuclear
programme is exclusively for peaceful purposes would lead immediately
to a higher state of relations based on a process of collaboration
in different areas;
g. underline their determination to strengthen
their long-term relationship through an enhanced programme of
economic and technological co-operation, particularly through
early completion of negotiations between Iran and the European
Union on a Trade & Co-operation Agreement, and the associated
Political Dialogue Agreement.
II. POLITICAL
AND SECURITY
CO-OPERATION
General principles
3. This section would define the principles
on which the long-term relationship would be based. The E3 and
Iran would reaffirm their commitment to the Charter of the United
Nations, and recall the United Nations Millennium Declaration
and other appropriate international instruments. The E3/EU propose
that, within the context of an overall agreement, this section
could include, inter alia, the following mutual commitments in
conformity with the Charter of the United Nations:
a. to fulfil in good faith obligations in
accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, under the generally
recognised principles and rules of international law, and under
relevant international agreements;
b. to the principle of the resolution of
disputes by peaceful means and in conformity with the principles
of justice and international law;
c. to refrain in their international relations
from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity
or political independence of any state or in any other manner
inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations;
d. to the principle of the sovereign equality
of all States;
e. to co-operation between States in the
various spheres of international relations;
f. to promote respect for and observance
and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all
without distinction of any kind;
g. to affirm their commitment to prohibiting
discrimination on any ground such as race, colour, sex, language,
religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth or other status; and
h. to establish conditions under which justice
and respect for States' obligations under treaties and international
law can be maintained.
4. Within the context of an overall agreement
and Iran's fulfilment of its obligations under the Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), the United Kingdom
and France would be prepared to reaffirm to Iran the unilateral
security assurances given on 6 April 1995, and referred to in
United Nations Security Council Resolution 984 (1995). Specifically:
a. the United Kingdom and the French Republic
would reaffirm to Iran that they will not use nuclear weapons
against non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons except in the case of an
invasion or any attack on them, their dependent territories, their
armed forces or other troops, their allies or on a State towards
which they have a security commitment, carried out or sustained
by such a non-nuclear-weapon State in association or alliance
with a nuclear-weapon State; and
b. the United Kingdom and the French Republic
would recall and reaffirm their intention, as Permanent Members
of the Security Council, to seek immediate Security Council action
to provide assistance, in accordance with the Charter, to any
non-nuclear weapon State, party to Treaty on the Non-Proliferation
of Nuclear Weapons, that is a victim of an act of aggression or
an object of a threat of aggression in which nuclear weapons are
used.
Areas of co-operation of special interest
5. As part of an overall agreement the E3/EU
propose that both parties should make commitments in the following
areas.
Non-proliferation
6. The E3/EU and Iran would:
a. recall the statement of the President
of the United Nations Security Council on 31 January 1992 and
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 (2004) and reaffirm
that the proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons,
as well as their means of delivery, constitutes a threat to international
peace and security; express grave concern that illicit trafficking
in nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, as well as their
means of delivery and related materials, which adds a new dimension
to the issue of proliferation of such weapons and also poses a
threat to international peace and security; co-operate to take
appropriate and effective measures against such activities; and
stress the importance of effective national export controls;
b. reaffirm their commitment to abide by
security and non-proliferation treaties to which they are party,
and recall the need for more consistent monitoring, effective
implementation and, where necessary, firmer enforcement of such
treaties;
c. stress the importance of universal adherence
to and full implementation of and compliance with disarmament
and non-proliferation treaties and of the full implementation
of the IAEA safeguards agreements and additional protocols; work
towards the conclusion of a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty; where
it has not already been done, conclude an Additional Protocol;
become party to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty; and
subscribe to the Hague International Code of Conduct against Ballistic
Missile Proliferation;
d. reaffirm their commitment to the objective
of an effectively verifiable Middle East zone free of weapons
of mass destruction, nuclear, biological and chemical, and their
means of delivery, consistent with the resolution on the Middle-East
adopted at the 1995 NPT review and extension conference, United
Nations Security Council Resolution 687 (1991), and the relevant
resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly; and
e. confirm that the prevention of proliferation
of WMD should not hamper international co-operation for peaceful
purposes, in accordance with the relevant international obligations,
while underlining that the goal of peaceful utilisation must not
be used as a cover for proliferation.
Regional security
7. The E3/EU recognise that they share a
number of specific security concerns and interests with Iran and
the important role Iran can potentially play in ensuring regional
security and stability. As part of an overall agreement, the E3/EU
would welcome an expanded dialogue and relationship on these issues.
To this end, the E3/EU would, as part of an overall agreement,
commit to working with Iran to encourage confidence-building measures
and regional security arrangements. Such discussions would take
place in close consultation with all the States of the region.
The E3/EU and Iran would recognise that any regional security
arrangements must take account of the legitimate interests of
all the countries in the region, thus contributing to the stability
and security of the region as a whole.
8. In this context, the E3/EU would recall
their and Iran's past and present contributions to the reconstruction
of Afghanistan and Iraq, and reaffirm their determination to strengthen
co-operation in these areas, and to work together to support the
political process in both these countries with the goal of establishing
democratic and stable states, based on the rule of law, which
coexist with their neighbours, and by preventing any support and
encouragement for groups that use violence for political ends.
Terrorism
9. The E3/EU and Iran would commit themselves
to supporting the declaration on terrorism proposed by the Secretary
General for the United Nations Millennium Summit, recognising
that this definition might evolve before or during the Summit
itself. This states that "the targeting and deliberate killing
of civilians and non-combatants cannot be justified or legitimised
by any cause or grievance, and . . . that any action which is
intended to cause death or serious bodily harm to civilians or
non-combatants, when the purpose of such an act, by its nature
or context, is to intimidate a population or to compel a government
or an international organisation to do or to abstain from any
act constitutes an act of terrorism". To this end, the E3/EU
and Iran would commit themselves to:
a. combat by all means, in accordance with
the Charter of the United Nations, threats to international peace
and security caused by terrorist acts;
b. complement international co-operation
by taking additional measures to prevent and suppress, through
all lawful means, the financing and preparation of any act of
terrorism, in the framework of full implementation of United Nations
Security Council Resolution 1373; and
c. refrain from organising, instigating,
assisting or participating in terrorist acts in another State
or acquiescing in organised activities in their territories directed
towards the commission of such acts.
Combating drug trafficking
10. The E3/EU recognise that Iran has been
and will continue to be a key international partner for the EU
in stemming the flow of opiates to Europe and therefore commit
to developing co-operation on issues related to: illicit drug
production, drug trafficking, chemical precursors trafficking,
money-laundering, drug demand reduction, preventative and educational
measures, treatment and rehabilitation of drug abusers, and assistance
in drafting national legislation.
11. In support of this goal the E3/EU will:
a. actively support efforts to establish
an EU Action Plan with Iran, building on the "EU commitments
to action";
b. actively support international programmes
designed to tackle Iran's drug problem; and
c. take steps with Iran to implement joint
projects in close consultation with Afghanistan and Iraq to establish
border police structures, training of police officers and border
management. As a first step, the E3/EU will focus their co-operation
on enhancing capacities for Afghan/Iranian co-operation in the
fields of cross-border police co-operation, intensified communication
on both sides of the border, as well as the training of customs
officers, and on the development of projects on demand and harm
reduction in Iran.
Implementation mechanism
12. In the course of the negotiation the
E3/EU and Iran would establish an appropriate consultation and
co-operation mechanism with a view to developing a long-term relationship
on political and security issues, taking into account the continuing
EU-Iran negotiations on a Political Dialogue Agreement.
13. To this end, the E3/EU propose the creation
of a high-level committee on political and security issues, which
would be made up of representatives from respective Foreign Affairs
and Defence authorities. This Committee, which would meet periodically,
would review progress on this part of the agreement and provide
a forum for discussing issues of regional, international and mutual
interest. The Committee would report regularly to the appropriate
EU bodies and to the Government of Iran.
III. LONG-TERM
SUPPORT FOR
IRAN'S
CIVIL NUCLEAR
PROGRAMME
Principles
14. The E3/EU recognise Iran's rights under
Article IV of the NPT to develop research, production and use
of nuclear energy without discrimination in conformity with its
obligations under the NPT.
15. The E3/EU recognise Iran's right to
develop a civil nuclear power generation programme to reduce its
dependence on oil and gas and to choose the most appropriate mix
of energy sources to meet its needs as it perceives them, consistent
with its international obligations.
16. The E3/EU therefore declare, within
the context of an overall agreement and a mutually acceptable
agreement on long-term arrangements, their willingness to support
Iran to develop a safe, economically viable and proliferation-proof
civil nuclear power generation and research programme that conforms
with its energy needs.
17. The E3/EU fully support long-term co-operation
in the civil nuclear field between Iran and Russia.
Framework
18. Within the context of an overall agreement,
co-operation between the E3/EU and Iran in the civil nuclear field
would move forward within the following framework:
a. Iran would have access to the international
nuclear technologies market where contracts are awarded on the
basis of open competitive tendering, recognising the right of
companies to determine their own commercial strategies and choices;
b. co-operation would be conditional on Iran's
full implementation of its relevant international obligations
and commitments, including the long-term arrangements agreed between
the E3/EU and Iran, resolution by the IAEA of all questions raised
under Iran's Safeguards Agreement and Additional Protocol, and
continued co-operation with the IAEA; and
c. under United Nations Security Council
Resolution 1540, and based on respective national, European and
international norms, the E3/EU and Iran are obliged to implement
export controls. The E3 would commit themselves to implementing
these controls in a non-discriminatory way, bearing in mind the
new context that would be created by the confidence building measures
and commitments undertaken by Iran under an overall agreement.
Iranian access to the International Nuclear Fuel
Market and co-operation in Nuclear Energy
19. In line with these principles, and in
the context of an overall agreement and growing confidence between
the E3/EU and Iran, the E3 would support the development of Iran's
civil nuclear programme in the following areas:
a. in the field of civil nuclear research
through implementation of the E3/EU's offer of an expert mission
to help identify the requirement for a research reactor in Iran
and how best to meet that requirement. The E3/EU would ensure
Iran faced no discriminatory obstacles to filling the requirements
jointly identified; and
b. in other fields of peaceful use of nuclear
energy, excluding fuel-cycle related activity, the E3/EU would
commit themselves not to impede participation in open competitive
tendering.
20. The E3 Governments also support the
development of co-operation in the following main areas, to be
included in a final agreement:
a. in fields such as radio-isotope production,
basic research and the peaceful use of nuclear energy in the fields
of medicine and agriculture, subject to further expert discussion
between the two sides; and
b. in establishing co-operation between regulatory
authorities in the E3/EU and Iran and the IAEA in order to assist
with the design and implementation of international standard nuclear
safety and security regimes. This could include formalised co-operation
between regulators to share developed expertise and offering advice
on security aspects such as the implementation of the Convention
on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials, after Iran's
accession to the Convention in its amended version. These areas
of co-operation could be refined during the proposed visit of
Iranian experts to the E3/EU.
21. To this end, the E3/EU will actively
support commencement of negotiations on an agreement between EURATOM
and Iran. This would create a framework for closer co-operation
between Iran and all EU Member States.
Fuel assurances
22. The E3/EU recognise that Iran should
have sustained access to nuclear fuel for the Light Water Reactors
forming Iran's civil nuclear industry. These arrangements are
currently provided for through bilateral agreements and contracts
with states/companies with which it is engaged in nuclear co-operation.
The E3/EU note that under the Iran/Russia agreement on nuclear
co-operation, Russia has committed itself formally to supplying
nuclear fuel for the life-time of Russian-built reactors in Iran.
But the E3/EU stand ready to explore additional ideas in this
context.
23. In order to provide Iran with additional
assurances that external supplies of fuel could be relied upon
in the long term, the E3/EU would propose to develop with Iran
a framework which would provide such assurance, without prejudicing
any future multilateral arrangements developed under IAEA auspices.
24. Both the E3/EU and Iran would aim to
have IAEA (or possibly other international) endorsement for any
framework developed, and the IAEA might be invited to monitor
the operation of the mechanism and certify its operation on objective
principles.
25. Any fuel provided would be under normal
market conditions and commercial contracts and subject to proliferation
proof arrangements being agreed for safety, transport and security
of the fuel, including the return of all spent fuel.
26. The framework could involve a combination
of the following mutually reinforcing measures:
a. E3/EU—Iran ad hoc mechanism
27. This would involve establishment of
a specific mechanism to be agreed between the E3/EU and Iran should
the contracted supplier not be in a position to provide the fuel
pursuant to its agreements with Iran for non-commercial reasons
not connected with proliferation or safeguards related concerns
and Iran faced serious difficulty in procuring the nuclear fuel
necessary for the safe and sustained functioning of its Light
Water reactors. In such an event, the E3/EU and Iran would immediately
convene an ad hoc senior officials meeting to assess the situation,
and identify and review relevant measures. The E3/EU Governments
would, in parallel convene a meeting with relevant companies to
review what action could be taken to avoid any shortage of energy.
The IAEA could, as appropriate, be invited to such meetings for
advisory purposes.
28. The mechanism might seek initially to
restore fuel supplies from the contracted supplier. If this was
not possible, it could seek to identify an alternative fabricator
capable of producing the required design of reactor fuel. If no
such fabricator could be identified, possibilities would be investigated
to establish and licence a new fabrication line, outside Iran,
able to meet the future fuel supply needs at market prices. Any
such alternative supply mechanism would be dependent on satisfactory
arrangements being established for long-term management of spent
fuel outside Iran.
29. The E3/EU would commit themselves to
exploring ways with industry to provide assured enrichment services
at market prices for fuel fabrication outside Iran if the usual
enrichment services provider were unable to meet its contractual
obligations for non-commercial reasons; how such a commitment
would be formally presented remains to be defined.
b. Establishment of a buffer store
30. In order to provide the necessary time
for a solution to be found through the E3/EU—Iran ad hoc
mechanism without adversely impacting the operation of Iran's
nuclear power reactors, the E3/EU commit themselves to assisting
in the establishment of a buffer store of fuel, sufficient to
maintain supplies at the contracted rate for a period of five
years. This store would be physically located in a mutually acceptable
third country, and would be available to draw from while long-term
arrangements are put in place. The E3/EU would welcome early discussion
with Iran on establishment, maintenance and use of the buffer
store.
c. Multilateral arrangements
31. The E3/EU and Iran would engage with
the IAEA and others to develop international mechanisms following
on from the ideas identified in the "Multilateral Nuclear
Approaches" report on security of fuel supply.
Confidence building
32. The E3/EU reaffirm Iran's inalienable
right to the peaceful use of nuclear energy, exercised in conformity
with the NPT. In this context, the support of E3 countries for
expanding international co-operation in Iran's civil nuclear sector
and for the development of a safe, economically viable and proliferation
proof civil nuclear power generation and research programme will
present Iran with new opportunities.
33. Effective long-term co-operation between
Iran and the international community in the civil nuclear field
along the lines set out in this document will, however, require
the continued building of confidence over a significant period.
34. As Iran will have an assured supply
of fuel over the coming years, it will be able to provide the
confidence needed by making a binding commitment not to pursue
fuel cycle activities other than the construction and operation
of light water power and research reactors. This commitment would
be reviewed jointly in line with the review mechanism envisaged
in Paragraph 58.
35. The E3/EU would expect Iran to invite
the IAEA to agree a mechanism to verify the implementation of
the final agreement.
36. As an essential element of this mechanism
for international confidence building, Iran would undertake to:
a. make a legally binding commitment not
to withdraw from the NPT and to keep all Iranian nuclear facilities
under IAEA safeguards under all circumstances;
b. ratify its Additional Protocol, in accordance
with its existing commitment, by the end of 2005;
c. in the meantime, fully implement the Additional
Protocol pending its ratification and to co-operate proactively
and in a transparent manner with the IAEA to solve all outstanding
issues pursuant to the Safeguards Agreement and Additional Protocol
including by allowing IAEA inspectors to visit any site or interview
any person they deem relevant to their monitoring of nuclear activity
in Iran; and
d. agree arrangements for the supply of fresh
fuel from outside Iran and commit to returning all spent fuel
elements of Iranian reactors to the original supplier immediately
after the minimum cooling down period necessary for transportation.
37. In line with IAEA Board Resolutions,
the E3/EU would also expect Iran to stop construction of its Heavy
Water Research Reactor at Arak, which gives rise to proliferation
concerns. The E3/EU repeat their existing offer to send an expert
mission to Iran to help identify research requirements and the
most suitable type of equipment to meet those requirements.
38. The E3/EU would work with Iran to establish
a group to identify alternative uses for the equipment, installations,
facilities and materials whose use, construction, testing or development
would not form part of Iran's long-term civil nuclear industry.
The group could consider alternative areas of employment for the
scientists, technicians and workers currently employed in these
facilities.
Consultation mechanism
39. The E3/EU and Iran would conduct regular
consultations on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and the development
of the Iranian civil nuclear programme through a specific consultation
mechanism to be agreed.
IV. ECONOMIC
AND TECHNOLOGICAL
CO-OPERATION
Principles
40. The E3/EU consider that an overall agreement
would lead to the development of a programme of economic and technological
co-operation with Iran, complementing the envisaged EC/Iran Trade
& Co-operation Agreement, which will constitute the main vehicle
for the long-term development of economic relations between Europe
and Iran.
Energy co-operation
41. The E3/EU would recognise the fundamental
importance of energy co-operation to their long-term relationship
with Iran. As part of an overall agreement:
a. the E3/EU and the European Commission
would be prepared to issue a policy declaration that they regard
Iran as a long-term source of fossil energy for the European Union
and recognise the growing importance of Iranian gas supplies to
Europe in the coming years;
b. the E3/EU and the European Commission
would commit to developing a strategic energy partnership through
the Trade and Co-operation Agreement and in this context through
the High Level Working Group on Energy;
c. in the context of the High Level Working
Group on Energy and in the framework of the Memorandum of Understanding
of 19 October 2002 between the European Commission and the Iranian
Ministry of Petroleum on co-operation in the energy sector, the
European Commission would explore the possibility of opening the
EU-Iran Management and Technology Centre with a view to commissioning
joint studies on areas in which the EU and Iran can develop co-operation
in the energy sector as well as providing technical support for
the implementation of the policy declaration mentioned in Paragraph
41a; and
d. the E3/EU and Iran, as well as the Commission,
would discuss possible future oil and gas pipeline projects.
Promotion of trade and investment
42. The E3/EU recognise the importance of
the proposed EC/Iran Trade & Co-operation Agreement to developing
the long-term commercial and economic relationship between the
EU and Iran, noting that this will facilitate market access, promote
commercial exchanges, and open up a wide range of further co-operation
activities in the economic, commercial and other fields.
43. As part of any overall agreement the
E3/EU would therefore commit themselves to working to bring the
current negotiations between Iran and the European Community on
a Trade & Co-operation Agreement, and the associated Political
Dialogue Agreement, to an early conclusion.
44. The E3/EU and Iran would agree to continue
and strengthen mutually beneficial practices in the areas of export
credits and investment guarantees, particularly in light of the
additional confidence that an overall agreement and a closer political
and economic relationship would give to investors and export credit
agencies alike.
WTO accession
45. The E3/EU welcome Iran's successful
application to open WTO accession talks, recalling that this has
been a significant benefit of the dialogue initiated by the Paris
Agreement.
46. The E3/EU confirm their continued political
support for Iranian accession to the WTO and their willingness
to offer technical support to assist Iran in making the necessary
technical adjustments to its economy. Working with the WTO Secretariat
and Commission, the E3 would agree to offer assistance to help
Iran with WTO compliance, including on tariff structures, technical
barriers to trade, rules of origin, intellectual property, and
other areas as appropriate.
Promoting trade and transfer of technology: Export
controls
47. The E3/EU note that enhanced confidence
regarding the civilian end-use of goods transferred to Iran, including
through the establishment of export control systems, would facilitate
decisions on individual licences. The E3/EU also recognise that
effective export control systems will make a significant contribution
to developing mutually beneficial economic relations and state
that they apply international export control regimes and respective
national and European regulations on a non-discriminatory basis.
The E3/EU therefore agree to convene a joint export control workshop
in Tehran, which would allow for exchanges on the implementation
of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 and national/EC
laws.
48. As a follow up the E3/EU is also prepared
to offer support to Iran in establishing an efficient system of
export controls.
49. Civil aviation. The E3/EU would continue
to promote the sale of aircraft parts to Iran and be willing to
enter into discussion about open procurement of the sale of civil
passenger aircraft to Iran.
Scientific and technological co-operation
50. Recognising the benefits of scientific
and academic co-operation to both sides, the E3/EU commit to developing
long-term scientific co-operation with Iran.
51. In this context, the European Union,
through the Commission, would agree to send an expert team to
Iran to draw up Iran's "Scientific Profile", within
the context of the EC/Iran Trade & Co-operation Agreement.
52. The E3/EU would agree to facilitate
Iran's access to advanced technologies, respecting national law
and international commitments regarding export control; they would
strengthen existing and encourage new scientific co-operation
between scientists, universities and scientific institutes. This
co-operation should cover both fundamental and applied research.
53. In the field of environmental technologies,
the E3/EU would be prepared to develop co-operation with Iran
in the fields of water supply, waste management, protection of
natural habitats and preparedness for natural disasters.
54. In the field of communications and information
technology, the E3/EU would be prepared to co-operate with Iran
to improve internet connection stability.
55. The E3/EU would also be interested in
developing and deepening co-operation with Iran through relevant
international fora, particularly in the field of air pollution.
56. Education and vocational training. The
E3/EU would be prepared, through their relevant agencies, to co-operate
with Iran in developing its system of vocational education.
Building a structure of economic and technological
co-operation
57. The E3/EU and Iran would look to invigorate
co-operation through a mechanism, to be agreed, to complement
any wider EU/Iran structures agreed under the Trade & Co-operation
Agreement, and cover other areas of mutual interest, although
of lower priority than those set out above, including but not
exclusively:
— Air transport safety. The E3/EU would
co-operate in the fields of air traffic management, certification,
accident, investigation and airport security.
— Railway transport. The E3/EU would
co-operate with Iran in establishing a transport master plan;
they will encourage and support co-operation with Iran in the
area of railway rolling stock, signalling and high speed technology.
— Maritime transport. The E3/EU would
facilitate the negotiation of a maritime transport agreement with
Iran.
— Seismology and seismic mapping. The
E3 would, through their relevant institutions contribute to a
seismic mapping exercise, with a focus on the most densely populated
areas of Iran and work to develop co-operation in the fields of
risk and disaster management.
— Infrastructure. The E3/EU would facilitate
access to European technology related to constructing earthquake
resistant buildings.
— Agriculture and food industry. The
E3/EU would be prepared to offer co-operation in ecological agriculture,
including natural herbicides and pesticides, food safety; and
the regulations and trade aspects of sanitary and phytosanitary
standards.
— Tourism. The E3/EU would be prepared
to assist Iran in developing its reputation as a tourist destination
and support co-operation in the development of new tourist resorts.
V. REVIEW MECHANISM
58. The E3/EU and Iran would agree to implement
the agreement in good faith. The agreement would be subject to
review, at Ministerial level, every 10 years. Any change to these
arrangements would be subject to explicit agreement by both the
E3/EU and Iran.
59. The E3/EU would be willing to circulate
the final agreement as an IAEA Information Circular (INFCIRC)
and UN Document for information and with a view to possible endorsement
by the international community.
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