Supplementary memorandum submitted by
DECC and DfT
Q262: Provide proposals submitted by UK to
IMO on GHGs and ETS[13]
Q265: How many "UK" ships took
part in the trial of the operational CO2 indexing of ships?
— Although the Maritime and Coastguard
Agency provided guidance for UK flagged ships, in case they wished
to take part, none ended up being involved in the trials of the
CO2 index.
Q295: Which allocation methodologies under
consideration for "taking account" of international
shipping emissions?
— We currently report estimated emissions
from international shipping based on deliveries of refined product
to marine bunkers for international and domestic shipping as memo
items in the national greenhouse gas inventory which the UK is
required to submit to the UN every year. These emissions will
continue to be reported based on this measure of supply.
— Our intention under the Bill is to
follow international reporting practice. We will also have regard
to forecasts of the shipping industry's demand for marine fuels.
When taking account of international shipping emissions, we will
make clear what methodologies are being used.
— Please see paragraph 3.4 of the Government's
oral evidence to the Committee for details of the allocation methodologies
that have been considered in climate change negotiations, and
the difficulties associated with each.
Q300: Do you agree that UK emissions have
increased since 1990 if international aviation and shipping emissions
attributable to the UK are included, as set out in evidence by
the Tyndall Centre?
No we would not agree. As shown in table below,
both on a CO2 only basis, all for all GHGs, and based on bunker
fuel methodology, UK emissions have reduced: for GHGs by 12.7%.
Q303: Any problems/anomalies with using fuel
sales as measure of carbon emissions from domestic shipping?
— Measuring carbon emissions using
this method is reliant upon data on UK refiners' declared fuel
sales to shipping. UK refiners' declared fuel sales are based
merely upon those refiners' best estimate of final use. The majority
of refiners' marine fuel oil output is traded through third parties,
with refiners therefore having only a partial knowledge of the
end use—domestic use through UK waters or international
trade—to which traded fuel is put.
— Given that shipping is a highly mobile
asset, vessels on domestic movements in UK waters may be operating
on fuel sourced from UK refineries. Carbon emissions from such
domestic vessel movements, where fuel has been sourced from outside
of the UK, would therefore not be included in estimates based
upon UK refiners' declared fuel sales. This problem is exacerbated
where vessels are involved in both domestic and international
movements.
Q309: Copy of Low Carbon Shipping report
/ Low Carbon Innovation Strategy and when published[14]
Q311 and 312: Budget allocated to low carbon
marine technology? (DfT)
— The Department for Transport does
not assign quotas for the research and development of specific
technologies. There is therefore no specific budget allocated
to low carbon marine technology within the Department.
— When a particular need is indentified,
the Department can help by providing direct funding or identifying
funding streams: for instance, the Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council, which is funded by the Department for Innovation,
Universities and Skills, has awarded grants for the development
of such technology, such as the Advanced Marine Electric Propulsion
Systems (AMEPS) developed at Strathclyde University. The EU's
Waterborne Technology Platform Strategic Research Agenda (WSRA)
is another source of funding.
Q317: When will there be an international
agreement on "cold ironing"?
— We anticipate that "cold ironing"
will be included in the International Maritime Organization's
Guidance on Best Practices, which will form part of a wider package
of measures on reducing greenhouse gas emissions on ships to be
agreed at the IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee in
July 2009.
Q325: Provide air pollution report from IMO
(group chaired by Mike Hunter)[15]
December 2008
13 Not printed. Back
14
Published 23 May 2007, not printed. Back
15
Not printed. Back
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