Policing: Police and Crime Commissioners - Home Affairs Committee Contents


Supplementary memorandum submitted by the Association of Police Authorities

  Whilst not wishing to change or resubmit our written and aural evidence, we are grateful for the opportunity to provide the Committee with some factual information which will hope to answer the questions they posed at the session on 19th. This information was either too detailed for presentation at the session or beyond the scope of our formal written submission.

Rt Hon Keith Vaz MP, Chair: How did the APA arrive at a cost of £100 million for the introduction of PCCs?

POLICE GOVERNANCE CHANGE PROGRAMME: COST, BENEFITS, RISKS, UNCERTAINTIES

A REPORT PREPARED BY BOXWOOD CONSULTANTS, SEPTEMBER 2010

    — This report examined the relative costs of a "do nothing" option—the current Police Authority structure, a "minimum change" suggestion, and the Home Office model (direct Election of a Police and Crime Commissioner in each of 43 force areas). The summary figures assumed for each of these possible scenarios are presented at the end of this briefing at Appendix A.

FINDINGS

    — The total cost differential between the current structure and 43 DPC elections is £101 million. This is in essence the removal of over 600 police from the front line.

    — The Home Office's new proposed structure will have a cost of £453 million—based on current assumptions (These include the Home Office range of structure costs: £440 million-£574 million, and our calculation that the elections for Commissioners will cost £1.47 per elector).

    — The cost of the "do minimum" suggestion is £417 million.

    — The net present cost differential is: £86 million (at 3.5% discount).

    — The main differential costs between the three alternative scenarios are:

    — 4 yearly election £64 million.

    — 4 yearly transition costs £12 million (redundancy/recruit of team and chief/council tax changes).

    — Policy and parliamentary £1 million (Home Office team and Police Authority costs).

    — Operational costs £24 million (complaints/uncharged services/town hall meetings).

ASSUMPTIONS AND EVIDENCE BASE

    — Cost over the five years from 2011-12 to 2015-16 of the current Police Authority structure, as evidenced from present costings is £352 million (only one election in this period).

    — Costings are predicated on a five year period: 2011-16. This period was chosen because it includes one election and the transition year.

    — The first elections are taken as May 2012 (when 20% of areas have scheduled elections).

    — Election Costs are assumed at £1.47 per elector (this reflects evidence presented by electoral registration officers in Devon and Cornwall, West Sussex, Hampshire and the assumptions of the Electoral Commission):

    — Hampshire's estimate based on responses from electoral officers throughout Hampshire was approximately £2 million on a elector population of about 1.1m (spend of £1.80 per elector).

    — West Sussex estimate about £1.2 million spend (if the elections all occur in parallel with local government elections) on an electorate of about 0.6 million (spend of £2.00 per elector).

    — Devon and Cornwall calculated £1.9 million on a police authority spend of £1.5 million and 1.0 million electorate (election spend of £1.90 per elector).

    — The Electoral Commission report for 2008-09 is unclear on direct comparison but clearly states that preferential voting systems will cost more than FPTP.

    — Evidence from Scotland suggests that using more complex voting procedures will increase the cost substantially.

    — According to the Council concerned, the most recent borough-wide election for a single individual in the UK (for a Directly Elected Mayor of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets) cost £4.11 per elector.

    — The overall additional average cost of a Directly Elected Police Commissioner, per elector (less registration)= £3.02 less £1.55 (the cost of existing police authorities) ie £1.47 per elector.

    — UK electoral statistics 2009 (ONS) state the electorate to be 40 million.

    — 40 million electors x £1.47, divided by the cost of an officer (£40,000) = 1,400 beat police officers.

    — Other costs are taken as Salaries, Allowances, Accommodation, Other Overheads, Transition (The Home Office, APA, Authorities), Policy change costs, Legal costs of TUPE and changes to contracts.

    — Other potential cost risks include:

    — Reissuing council tax bills.

    — New legal costs of transferring contracts.

    — Increased likelihood of sacking of the Chief Constables and consequent payments.

    — Political appointments of staff could result in increased HR cost.

    — Increased complaints and private office costs.

    — More communication and PR.

    — Change in the electoral franchise (eg 16 year olds voting).

Aiden Burley MP: The 2007 Casey Cabinet Office review revealed that only 7% of the public knew about police authorities. Why are the public so unaware of your members' existence?

  This issue of a perceived lack of visibility and accessibility, found four years ago, appears to be a key principle behind the government's reform proposals. The APA would question the government's perception of the level of public awareness on the basis of many local surveys. To take just two examples:

    — A local policing survey across the Northumbria police authority area in 2010 revealed that 88% of residents were aware of the authority.

    — A 2010 public survey undertaken by police authorities in Wales found that 97% of respondents had heard of police authorities and 82% understood what a police authority does.

Aiden Burley MP: Is the APA's proposed "alternative model" for governance not simply the same police authority system with the addition of a PCC?

    — The APA has not proposed a like for like or "one size fits all" model—it recognizes that there are considerable differences between areas and believes that it would be sensible for the Government's proposals to reflect this variety.

THE INDEPENDENT BASIS FOR THE PRINCIPLES BEHIND OUR SUGGESTED ALTERNATIVE MODELS

    — The APA's alternative model is also built on the findings of independent qualitative research carried out by IPSOS MORI designed to explore public perceptions of police governance structures, and more specifically who the public feel should hold the Police to account.

    — The research took place in four Police Force regions across England and Wales during the week commencing 23 August 2010. One workshop took place in each of four Police Force areas. Workshops were deliberative in nature and were designed to allow participants to explore different options, including those proposed in the "Policing in the 21st Century—Reconnecting Police and the People"[1] consultation paper.

    — The full report from IPSOS MORI is attached at Appendix B (not printed).

    — This research revealed some public appetite for a visible figurehead for police accountability, but opposition to accountability being vested in just one individual.

    — The research clearly showed that there is a general desire for greater visibility in police accountability. Participants felt a sense of reassurance in knowing the Police were currently and would continue to be held to account, and as such they wanted to be made more aware of any future model of governance.

    — This translated into a strong preference for a visible and named figurehead for police accountability in each area. Participants thought that this figurehead should not only provide an element of visibility, but should also be a symbol of transparency and independence.

    — Indeed, the need for independence was a particular focus for participants throughout discussions. Firstly, there was strong feeling that the role of a figurehead could not be carried out by someone with an obvious political allegiance. Secondly, it was felt that the role of the Police themselves in accountability needed to maintain a balance between ensuring their experience and expertise is maximised, while not allowing them to appear self-regulating in any sense. The role of the Chief Constable was seen to be of great importance as providing a crucial link between Police Forces and the individual or body holding the Police to account.

    — Despite participants having a strong preference for a local "figurehead", only a minority of participants wanted an individual who would be solely responsible for holding the Police to account. The most common preferences for where responsibility should fall were either through a structure similar to that currently in place, or through a named-individual plus a scrutiny panel. Participants favouring this latter option envisaged that a scrutiny panel would work alongside a figurehead in both an advisory and scrutiny role.

    — Interestingly, the desire for visibility and transparency did not necessarily translate into support for greater democratic involvement. Factors, such as a preconceived cynicism towards any Government devolving responsibility, and a questioning of the knowledge base on which an electorate would begin to decide who should take responsibility, made participants question this. For example, concerns were raised about possible divisive or corrupt candidates and as such there were calls for stringent vetting processes should it be decided that elections should take place. Participants also raised concerns about the cost burden of a formal election process.

    — There was also a general consensus that those with relevant experience and expertise could be trusted to make suitable appointments for commissioner or panel roles.

  What mattered more to participants in terms of lay involvement would include:

    — being able to feedback their experiences and opinions on crime in their local area to Police Officers through regular meetings, which those holding the Police to account would attend;

    — making sure community members are in some way represented on an advisory or scrutiny panel, possibly through a process of election; and

    — making sure the voices of key lay individuals are included in decision-making. This included groups such as victims of crime and young people.

  The preferred structure looks on paper very similar to that currently in place, with a collective of expert panel members responsible for key decisions. However, what is notable is the support for the inclusion of a figurehead who is visible to the public.

    — Alongside the preference for lay involvement in the advisory and scrutiny panel, participants felt the inclusion of experts was important. However, how this would look was not so clear cut. Certainly, there was a strong resistance to the involvement of politicians, and in some respects this translated to local councillors, though opinions were mixed. Some participants felt the inclusion of those from the business community would be beneficial given the business and financial acumen they could bring.

    — The figurehead would exert any powers, such as determining budgets or setting local priorities, through a process of negotiation with the advisory panel and Chief Constable of a force area.

    — Finally, participants were on the whole supportive of another layer of governance to oversee those holding the police to account, and there was a feeling that Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary would, as they currently do, be best placed to do this.

    — The full text of the APA's suggested alternative models, as informed by MORI's work, is detailed below:

THE APA'S PRINCIPLES FOR ALTERNATIVE MODELS

  As submitted to the Home Office consultation "Policing in the 21st Century", September 2010.

  The APA has developed a range of proposals relating to the "form and functions" of the government's proposed model.

    1. Critical to the issue of tripartite rebalancing is that budgets, audit, estates and other assets must remain within the purview of the governance body and this will also avoid the need for unnecessary expenditure relating to the transfer of contracts. Reducing local accountability by allowing budgets to be held by the Chief Constable instead of those who represent the public is not only an abrogation of responsibility but also introduces a complexity into the relationship that will only lead to confusion.

    2. In addition, there are certain functions currently under the direction and control of chief constables, which may be more effective and independent if managed by the governance body, for example, professional standards, performance analysis, and information provision. This would appear logical in enabling the PCC to fulfill their five key functions effectively, and would not represent additional cost.

    3. Where duties are placed on PCCs there is a need for reciprocal duties to ensure the cooperation of the Chief Constable.

    4. We recommend that a detailed appeals process is developed to ensure transparency to the public in the case of Chief Constable dismissals.

    5. Ensuring the correct balance and relationship between the Commissioner and the PCP is fundamental in ensuring that the balance between the Commissioner and the chief constable is such that the PCC has sufficient power to undertake their five primary functions. On the basis that consistency of function nationally delivered through locally determined arrangements is paramount, we offer two options below. These options are predicated on the fact that good governance starts with a body corporate and that appointments to governance bodies should be made on Nolan Principles.[2]

        Option 1

        The directly elected PCC should serve as head of the PCP with a requirement to carry the vote of the panel on key issues rather than merely seeking its advice. We would advise that these key issues are budget, policing plan and appointment of Chief Constable. This would mitigate the risk of vesting substantial public functions in a single individual.

        Local authorities (joint committees where appropriate) and the PCC working together would agree membership of the Police and Crime Panel which the PCC would chair. The panel would be comprised of both local councillors (in accordance with political proportionality) and independent members, but the specific details of the structure would be decided locally.

        Option 2

        Enabling the PCC to appoint a deputy and assistant commissioners within their office to create resilience, ensure appropriate local representation and create a forum for the exchange of ideas and advice. A separate Police and Crime Panel would be selected (in accordance with political proportionality) through local authorities. The PCP would provide the scrutiny function of the Commissioner and act as a consultee in relation to the five key functions of the Commissioner. If the PCP is to truly act as an independent check on the PCC then the recruitment and selection of individuals comprising the body should be independent of the PCC.

  In relation to elements of the procedural issues surrounding elections and transition we would recommend the following:

    6. It is proposed that the new arrangements are fully costed and then assessed against the perceived benefits of the proposals.

    7. In order to reduce the costs of election of PCCs they should be staggered so that they take place when the majority of local elections take place in each force area.

    8. The Government should consider the funding mechanism required to ensure equality of opportunity amongst all candidates.

    9. As per serving members of the force becoming independent members of police authorities, the same four year moratorium on retiring police officers standing for election as PCC should be introduced. Mechanisms are required to allow consideration of the suitability of candidates for a post of this nature.

    10. We would urge consideration of delaying implementation until 2014 which would at least allow for the anticipated reductions in service to be implemented without the unnecessary disruption of structural change during this period.

    11. Effective arrangements for transition from existing police authorities to Police and Crime Commissioners is critical. If elections are held in May 2012 we would propose that the new Commissioners do not fully take the helm until the following budget and planning period.

    12. The role of existing police authority staff will be indispensable in ensuring effective transition. We are concerned that police authorities risk losing experienced staff at a local and national level leading up to proposed changes in 2012 and recommend that the Home Office make a statement of intent in relation to protection of existing staff in the transition process.

    13. Strategic continuity is inherent in the current system through the gradual rollover of membership of police authorities. The potential stop/start transfer from one PCC to another would undermine the investment needed around long-term planning identified by HMIC and we recommend that continuity is ensured within the proposed model.

    14. The initially established Police and Crime Panel should be comprised primarily of existing police authority members to enable effective transition.

Rt Hon Keith Vaz MP: Has the South West implemented plans for joint procurement of uniforms yet?

UPDATE ON THE SOUTH WEST COLLABORATION PROGRAMME

    — The uniforms issue, understandably the focus of the Committees' attention, is best viewed as one aspect of the South West Regional Collaboration Programme, overseen by the Police Authorities Joint Committee (PAJC).

    — Last year successful regional initiatives on collaboration included cash savings on vehicles, telecommunications and recruitment advertising and operational improvements in areas such as counter-terrorism, covert policing, firearms, automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) and kidnap and extortion. A Regional Asset Recovery Team was fully established.

    — The 2010-11 programme business plan focuses on the adoption of a regional Serious Organised Crime Lead Force model, steps towards regional ICT convergence and shared procurement and the achievement of a common set of uniform and equipment by 2012.

    — At its last meeting, PAJC commissioned a feasibility study for moving to a single ICT Department for the South West, linked to the national ISIS (Information Services Improvement Strategy) programme.

    — Corporate Services across the South West have recently undergone a benchmarking exercise to consider how best to move processes and structures in HR and Finance toward the current lowest cost base. The PAJC will review progress towards this in early in 2011.

    — The next PAJC meeting (November) will select an external supplier to assist four authorities to establish an in-house shared service for procurement.

REALISED AND PROJECTED SAVINGS FROM THE SOUTH WEST COLLABORATION PROGRAMME (FOR MORE DETAILS, PLEASE SEE THE ATTACHED APPENDIX C)

  Cash savings achieved to date (these are mostly ongoing year on year savings):

    — Recruitment advertising £25,000 per annum.

    — Telecoms Procurement £150,000 per annum.

    — Transport Procurement £147,000 per annum.

    — Uniform Procurement £10,000 per annum.

  Cash savings in the pipeline:

    — Procurement shared service £5 million per annum.

    — Telephone SPOC Shared Service £250,000 per annum.

    — Firearms Training Service c £10 million capital plus £150,000 per annum revenue.

UNIFORM AND EQUIPMENT—PROGRESS TOWARDS JOINT PROCUREMENT

    — Autumn 2008: The five Chief Constables and Chairs in the region agreed in principle to move towards a common standard of uniform and equipment. A detailed assessment identified opportunities to rationalise specifications and reduce variation.

    — Throughout 2009: Practitioner workshops held to identify the best options to improve interoperability and provide value for money.

    — May 2010: Recommended options for standardisation of uniform by 2012 agreed.

    — June 2010: The five Chief Constables expressed their preference for a regional catalogue of items from which each Force could choose its favoured option—effectively a commonality of choice rather than a common uniform.

  The five Chairs accepted that the use of a regional catalogue represented a pragmatic way forward in the circumstances, but were disappointed that after two years of work, it had not been possible to embark on a more ambitious programme of standardisation. This disappointment was a catalyst for introducing fundamental changes to the governance arrangements underpinning future police collaboration in the South West.

NEW GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE

    — August 2010: Following a dialogue involving the five Chairs and Chief Constables, the South West Police Authority Joint Committee (PAJC) agreed to a radical overhaul of the arrangements for overseeing the collaborative arrangements to facilitate swifter and better informed decision-making.

    — September 2010: Introduction of a Lead Force model to strengthen accountability and the appointment of a Programme Co-ordinator.

  The Lead Force approach to the Programme means that individual Chief Constables will now be held accountable for specific work streams by project boards within their own Police Authority. The Police Authorities' Joint Committee agreed that six specific Tier 1 business areas will be progressed under the allocated Lead Force model as follows:

 Procurement—Devon and Cornwall

 Learning and Development—Avon and Somerset

 ICT convergence—Wiltshire

 Corporate Services Transformation—Devon and Cornwall

 Forensics—Dorset

 Transactional Processes—Gloucestershire

Aiden Burley MP: Authorities have control over procurement now? How have they delivered savings?

Nicola Blackwood MP: How are authorities working together now?

  There are numerous independently-celebrated examples of Police Authorities' best practice: Savings through collaboration and cutting "back office" costs.

  Drawn from Audit Commission and HMIC Reports to 2010:

www.audit-commission.gov.uk/communitysafety/goodpractice/policeinspections/pages/default.aspx

http://www.hmic.gov.uk/Inspections/Pages/PoliceAuthorityInspections.aspx

1.  SURREY: WHOLE SYSTEM SERVICE TRANSFORMATION

    — The Authority has driven a whole systems service programme, established in 2007, which identifies how the force can achieve benefits through structural changes, the efficient use of resources and automated technologies. This is expected to save £92 million over five years.

    — Surrey centralised its HR services reducing 78 posts including 50 police staff and 28 police officers saving £1.5 million in 2009-10. It expects to make annual savings of £2.2 million from 2010-11 or 1% of spending with total savings of £5.7 million over five years. The centralised service provides professional guidance and support complemented by local business partners in basic command units (BCUs) and a transactional service centre. Centralising meant the ratio of HR staff to force establishment changed from 1:36 to 1:77. It achieves 64% public confidence compared with a 61% average for similar forces.

2.  BEDFORDSHIRE AND HERTFORDSHIRE: COLLABORATION

    — On Friday 22 October 2010 both Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Police Authorities gave the go-ahead for the establishment of a joint Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Department from December this year. They also agreed to set up a joint Police Pensions Administration function from November this year, in preparation for delivering the service across both forces from April 2011.

    — The phased implementation of the joint ICT function will initially save the two forces a total of £350,000 per year. This will increase substantially as work progresses, with savings in the region of £1.7 million a year expected within five years.

    — The joint Police Pensions Administration function for the two forces will bring further efficiencies of around £105,000 from the start of April 2011.

    — These decisions follow the establishment of a number of successful collaborative initiatives for the two forces over recent years, including a joint Dog Unit, Firearms Support Unit and Major Crime Unit.

3.  GWENT POLICE AUTHORITY: STAYING AHEAD REVIEW

  Gwent Police Authority's Staying Ahead review is a wide-ranging and ambitious strategic review of policing in Gwent. It aims to deliver high-quality services to the public within the available resources.

    — The Staying Ahead review incorporates a new approach to policing in Gwent. It plans to provide efficiencies as well as delivering better customer service with a community based ethos. Its key priority is to enable the Force to meet the challenges of providing future services in line with national and local priorities.

    — The Authority's projections in 2007-08 showed a budget shortfall of £14 million by 2010-11, representing more than 12% of the net revenue expenditure. Because of the shortfall it was clear the Authority and the Force had to carry out a major budget savings exercise. The Authority implemented the Staying Ahead review to help achieve this.

    — The Staying Ahead review involves all the Authority members in a change management programme affecting the Force. The aim is make greater efficiencies and improve service delivery to the public. The review also set out to reform the structure of the Force, including revised roles for officers and support staff.

    — So far the review has produced an increase in efficiency savings and the operational resources used. The savings achieved have enabled the Authority to reduce the Protective Services gap by £2 million without increasing resources. The Authority has reviewed and realigned its committee structures to ensure it has suitable arrangements in place to manage its new policing vision.

    — The Authority has systematic processes in place for assessing and measuring the benefits of the Staying Ahead review. There has been a 22% increase in the resources deployed on neighbourhood policing and an increased allocation to roads policing. The Authority expects efficiency savings of £14.4 million between 2009 and 2013, approximately £3.1 million above its efficiency and productivity target.

    — The authority is also an established user of collaborative arrangements provided by Value Wales. The authority continues to benefit from the work of the South West and Wales Regional Procurement Group. It has also collaborated with other partners including Newport Transport, Chepstow Town Council, the Forestry Commission and Coleg Gwent.

  We hope that this submission fulfils the Committee's specific request for further information, and should be delighted to provide any additional details or clarification requested at any time.

October 2010



APPENDIX A

THE COSTS OF CHANGE: POLICE GOVERNANCE, 2011-16


Option 1 Do nothing
Option 2 Do minimum Option 3 HO White Paper approach
£'000 £'000£'000
Democratic representations—members allowances £46,312Democratic representations—members allowances £46,312Democratic representations—members allowances £46,647

Democratic representation other costs (eg travel and subsidence, recruitment, training and consultation)
22,030Democratic representation other costs (eg travel and subsidence, recruitment, training and consultation) 22,030Democratic representation other costs (eg travel and subsidence, recruitment, training and consultation) 22,030

Police Authority Support costs—staff
138,456Police Authority Support costs—staff 138,456Police Authority Support costs—staff 136,096

Police Authority external support costs (eg audit, legal, premises, supplies and services)
71,741Police Authority external support costs (eg audit, legal, premises, supplies and services) 71,741Police Authority external support costs (eg audit, legal, premises, supplies and services) 71,741

Other staff costs (eg treasury management)
4,635Other staff costs (eg treasury management) 4,635Other staff costs (eg treasury management) 15,891

Other non staff costs (eg external audit, subscriptions, publications)
68,568Other non staff costs (eg external audit, subscriptions, publications) 68,568Other non staff costs (eg external audit, subscriptions, publications) 84,117

Election Costs
0 Election Costs63,568Election Costs 63,858

Transition costs
0 ransition costs0Transition costs 12,175

Policy and Parliamentary
0 Policy and Parliamentary927 Policy and Parliamentary927

Total costs
351,742 416,527 453,481


APPENDIX C ITEM 3D SWPAJC 6 AUGUST 2010—COSTS AND BENEFITS LOG

SOUTH WEST POLICE—REGIONAL COLLABORATION PROGRAMME—ONGOING FINANCIAL SUMMARY

1.  Financing the Overall Project


(All Forces)
Actual ActualBudget BudgetBudget
Prev Yrs2009-10 2010-112011-12 2012-13Total
££ ££ ££
Regional Budget:
  Income
    from Govt grant500,000 00 0500,000
    from NPIA05,877 72,00066,0000 143,877
    from Police Authorities392,000 201,361150,000TBA TBA743,361
    Total892,000 207,238222,000 66,0000 1,387,238

  Expenditure
    staff495,572 329,981325,00066,000
    other69,402 51,05750,000
    Total564,974 381,038375,000 66,0000 1,387,012

  Balance Carried Forward
327,026153,226 226226226

  Resources "given"
    eg seconded staff250,000 185,000110,000 545,000



2.  Impact of Individual Programme Strands


Est Reg
Expenditure (Dr) or Savings (Cr)
Investment
Prev Yrs 2010-112011-122012-13 2013-142014-15

£ £££ £££
Area of Service/Project

A.  Approved Savings-Generating Projects
Cr CrCrCrCr Cr
    1  Recruitment Advertising 024,669 24,66924,66924,669 24,66924,669
    2  Telecoms Procurement0 42,27966,164 66,16466,16466,164 66,164
    3  Transport Procurement0 147,000147,000 147,000147,000147,000 147,000
    4  Uniform Procurement0 030,000 30,00030,00030,000 30,000
    5  Identity Access Management 62,500
    6  Firearms Facility0 PFI 46,225 184,900

Total Savings
0 276,448267,833 267,833267,833 314,058452,733

B.  Grant Receipts Secured by Programme
Cr
    1  ANPR 402,825
    2  Mobile Information 5,814,843

Total Grants Secured to Date
6,217,668

C.  Approved Capacity-Building Projects—Additional Costs Absorbed by Protective Service
DrDr DrDrDr
Dr
    1 Regional Asset Recovery Team 0Worst case if no grant0 1,100,0001,100,0001,100,000 1,100,0001,100,000
    2  Serious and Organised Crime 177,000Net of "one-off" grant 0542,000542,000 542,000542,000542,000
    3  Special BranchTBC Revenue neutral00 000 0
    4  Major Crime TeamTBC Revenue neutral00 000 0
    5  Covert Operations75,000 0180,000 180,000180,000180,000 180,000

Total Approved Capacity-Building Projects
252,0000 1,822,0001,822,000 1,822,0001,822,000 1,822,000

D.  Pipeline Projects—Awaiting approval
Cr CrCrCrCr Cr
    1  Uniform and Equipment0 Next phase1,200 2,4002,4002,400 2,400
    2  Procurement Shared Service 1,060,000 261,0001,551,000 2,968,0003,000,000
    3  Firearms Licensing—Fees 0If fee approved by Home Office 1,118,0001,118,000 1,118,000
1,118,000
    4  Firearms Licensing—Automation 600,000 275,000275,000 275,000275,000

Total Pipeline Projects—Awaiting approval
1,660,0000 1,2001,656,400 2,946,4004,363,400 4,395,400







1   http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/consultations/policing-21st-century/ Back

2   The six principles of the Independent Commission on Good Governance in Public Services can be found at http://www.cipfa.org.uk/pt/download/governance_standard.pdf Back


 
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