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Pregnant Women and Employment Law

Lord Vinson asked Her Majesty's Government:

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Baroness Blackstone: I can only reiterate my reply to the noble Lord's earlier Questions on this subject. The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 made it unlawful to discriminate against a woman by refusing to employ her. Following clear case law from the European Court of Justice, this means that it is unlawful discrimination to refuse a woman employment on the ground of her pregnancy. However, Section 51 of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 may provide a defence to a charge of unlawful discrimination if an act was necessary in order for that person to comply with a relevant statutory provision in the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (which requires employers to ensure the health, safety and welfare at work of their employees). Each case will need to be decided on its particular facts.

Excluded Pupils

Lord Hylton asked Her Majesty's Government:

    What is the average delay before an expelled pupil is allocated to another school; and whether the figures differ from (a) grant maintained schools; and (b) local authority schools.

Baroness Blackstone: This information is not collected centrally. Exclusion rates do not differ significantly between grant-maintained and local authority maintained schools.

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Lord Hylton asked Her Majesty's Government:

    What at present are the financial consequences for a school which expels a pupil; and whether they are planning changes to the current system.

Baroness Blackstone: Section 494 of the Education Act 1996 provides that funding for the remainder of the financial year for which a pupil is permanently excluded should follow the pupil to their new school or education provider. The amount transferred is prescribed by regulations.

We indicated in the White Paper Excellence in schools that we would be consulting further on the merits of financial incentives for schools to admit pupils excluded by others. This consultation is planned for early next year.

Schools' Budget Statements, England

Baroness Cox asked Her Majesty's Government:

    Whether they will publish a list derived from the statements published under Section 122 of the Education Act 1996 showing for each local education authority its General Schools Budget, its Aggregated Schools Budget, the difference between these two amounts and this difference as a percentage of each General Schools Budget, in each case for the financial year 1997-98.

Baroness Blackstone: The following table gives the information requested and is derived from the Section 122 budget statements for 1997-98.

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Section 122 Budget Statements (England) 1997-98

ASBGSB(1)Difference(1)Difference as
(£000s)(£000s)(£000s)per cent. of GSB
Corporation of London641.0999.0358.035.8
Camden51,085.076,819.025,734.033.5
Greenwich83,303.5107,735.224,431.722.7
Hackney61,480.085,875.824,395.828.4
Hammersmith and Fulham37,250.349,882.912,632.625.3
Islington56,118.683,337.027,218.432.7
Kensington and Chelsea24,676.033,891.09,215.027.2
Lambeth49,918.067,765.017,847.026.3
Lewisham77,982.297,753.619,771.420.2
Southwark63,172.087,238.024,066.027.6
Tower Hamlets82,070.0122,333.040,263.032.9
Wandsworth46,784.063,020.016,236.025.8
Westminster42,460.860,801.118,340.330.2
Barking/Dagenham56,590.081,680.025,090.030.7
Barnet69,018.998,606.729,587.830.0
Bexley58,949.077,876.018,927.024.3
Brent46,936.062,762.015,826.025.2
Bromley38,744.056,610.017,866.031.6
Croydon71,120.098,920.027,800.028.1
Ealing66,274.489,595.123,320.726.0
Enfield77,348.0111,288.033,940.030.5
Haringey68,095.0104,362.036,267.034.8
Harrow58,820.075,853.017,033.022.5
Havering62,153.575,902.813,749.318.1
Hillingdon40,600.051,853.011,253.021.7
Hounslow68,642.094,832.026,190.027.6
Kingston27,782.035,285.07,503.021.3
Merton44,705.654,881.010,175.418.5
Newham82,909.0119,011.036,102.030.3
Redbridge74,519.097,421.022,902.023.5
Richmond39,830.148,434.98,604.817.8
Sutton36,711.952,184.615,472.729.6
Waltham Forest67,898.091,151.023,253.025.5
Birmingham327,088.0421,490.094,402.022.4
Coventry98,571.0129,821.031,250.024.1
Dudley79,888.099,308.019,420.019.6
Sandwell93,385.0119,637.026,252.021.9
Solihull64,937.580,975.516,038.019.8
Walsall70,329.791,351.021,021.323.0
Wolverhampton71,951.896,011.024,059.225.1
Knowsley53,452.969,491.816,038.823.1
Liverpool140,025.2185,416.545,391.324.5
St. Helens53,965.570,958.516,993.023.9
Sefton87,312.3110,504.723,192.421.0
Wirral91,011.0120,374.029,363.024.4
Bolton73,093.7101,070.027,976.327.7
Bury48,994.062,407.013,413.021.5
Manchester132,950.0182,680.049,730.027.2
Oldham77,207.0101,990.024,783.024.3
Rochdale55,231.072,142.016,911.023.4
Salford65,261.096,713.031,452.032.5
Stockport73,140.199,912.126,771.926.8
Tameside56.494.086,724.030,230.034.9
Trafford47,072.066,825.019,753.029.6
Wigan96,148.0125,444.029,296.023.4
Barnsley55,675.080,081.024,406.030.5
Doncaster91,222.0124,332.033,110.026.6
Rotherham78,689.7102,937.424,247.723.6
Sheffield120,892.0186,655.065,763.035.2
Bradford135,657.0208,909.073,252.035.1
Calderdale37,429.455,541.218,111.932.6
Kirklees105,185.2146,098.940,913.728.0
Leeds212,412.7288,179.475,766.726.3
Wakefield85,132.0134,979.049,847.036.9
Gateshead54,755.086,023.031,268.036.3
Newcastle75,028.8101,392.526,363.726.0
North Tyneside54,921.075,900.020,979.027.6
South Tyneside43,427.058,917.015,490.026.3
Sunderland90,503.0115,908.025,405.021.9
Isles of Scilly816.01,100.0284.025.8
Bath and North East Somerset44,928.057,156.012,228.021.4
Bristol101,005.5129,420.428,414.922.0
North Somerset50,829.072,413.021,584.029.8
South Gloucestershire71,203.092,580.021,377.023.1
Hartlepool27,430.034,758.07,328.021.1
Middlesbrough44,388.059,350.014,962.025.2
Redcar and Cleveland44,804.058,107.013,303.022.9
Stockton-on-Tees56,820.073,101.016,281.022.3
Hull76,111.098,238.022,127.022.5
East Riding88,523.0115,052.026,529.023.1
North East Lincolnshire51,052.065,121.014,069.021.6
North Lincolnshire44,928.060,683.015,755.026.0
North Yorkshire156,960.0200,057.043,097.021.5
York42,979.054,393.011,414.021.0
Luton46,010.062,991.016,981.027.0
Milton Keynes47,037.067,352.020,315.030.2
Derby City46,996.066,285.019,289.029.1
Poole23,395.932,477.39,081.428.0
Bournemouth25,168.538,974.613,806.135.4
Darlington25,352.033,322.07,970.023.9
Brighton and Hove54,739.073,815.019,076.025.8
Portsmouth45,308.063,443.018,135.028.6
Southampton56,929.970,418.613,488.719.2
Leicester City87,528.0115,492.027,964.024.2
Rutland4,164.05,236.01,072.020.5
Stoke-on-Trent64,092.083,926.019,834.023.6
Swindon37,922.050,214.012,292.024.5
Bedfordshire99,820.0130,464.030,644.023.5
Berkshire187,691.0227,094.039,403.017.4
Buckinghamshire115,423.0163,834.048,411.029.5
Cambridgeshire139,168.0208,383.069,215.033.2
Cheshire288,238.0369,565.081,327.022.0
Cornwall122,630.0174,965.052,335.029.9
Cumbria106,489.0143,281.036,792.025.7
Derbyshire156,022.0224,028.068,006.030.4
Devon256,884.0341,321.084,437.024.7
Dorset84,615.2105,806.821,191.620.0
Durham138,448.0192,565.054,117.028.1
East Sussex121,522.0166,934.045,412.027.2
Essex254,693.0345,268.090,575.026.2
Gloucestershire88,096.0117,231.029,135.024.9
Hampshire291,867.0371,257.079,390.021.4
Hereford/Worcester168,404.0223,726.055,322.024.7
Hertfordshire259,193.0334,302.075,109.022.5
Isle of Wight35,045.444,367.19,321.721.0
Kent310,368.1409,968.199,600.024.3
Lancashire382,476.0513,328.0130,852.025.5
Leicestershire159,134.0206,392.047,258.022.9
Lincolnshire120,254.0158,543.038,289.024.2
Norfolk177,907.0235,906.057,999.024.6
Northamptonshire153,854.3201,924.748,070.423.8
Northumberland88,220.0116,455.028,235.024.2
Nottinghamshire273,481.0373,033.099,552.026.7
Oxfordshire147,771.0198,128.050,357.025.4
Shropshire104,328.0145,887.041,559.028.5
Somerset121,600.0158,985.037,385.023.5
Staffordshire212,718.6278,806.066,087.423.7
Suffolk185,704.4232,867.147,162.720.3
Surrey201,483.0274,694.073,211.026.7
Warwickshire118,389.7164,771.746,382.028.1
West Sussex191,379.0244,205.052,826.021.6
Wiltshire74,297.0104,543.030,246.028.9
England12,438,058.716,711,363.64,273,304.925.6

(1) "Difference" equates to total funding held centrally by LEAs as Mandatory and Discretionary Exceptions.


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