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Lord Vinson asked Her Majesty's Government:
Baroness Blackstone: I can only reiterate my reply to the noble Lord's earlier Questions on this subject. The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 made it unlawful to discriminate against a woman by refusing to employ her. Following clear case law from the European Court of Justice, this means that it is unlawful discrimination to refuse a woman employment on the ground of her pregnancy. However, Section 51 of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 may provide a defence to a charge of unlawful discrimination if an act was necessary in order for that person to comply with a relevant statutory provision in the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (which requires employers to ensure the health, safety and welfare at work of their employees). Each case will need to be decided on its particular facts.
Lord Hylton asked Her Majesty's Government:
Baroness Blackstone: This information is not collected centrally. Exclusion rates do not differ significantly between grant-maintained and local authority maintained schools.
Lord Hylton asked Her Majesty's Government:
Baroness Blackstone: Section 494 of the Education Act 1996 provides that funding for the remainder of the financial year for which a pupil is permanently excluded should follow the pupil to their new school or education provider. The amount transferred is prescribed by regulations.
We indicated in the White Paper Excellence in schools that we would be consulting further on the merits of financial incentives for schools to admit pupils excluded by others. This consultation is planned for early next year.
Baroness Cox asked Her Majesty's Government:
Baroness Blackstone: The following table gives the information requested and is derived from the Section 122 budget statements for 1997-98.
ASB | GSB | (1)Difference | (1)Difference as | |
(£000s) | (£000s) | (£000s) | per cent. of GSB | |
Corporation of London | 641.0 | 999.0 | 358.0 | 35.8 |
Camden | 51,085.0 | 76,819.0 | 25,734.0 | 33.5 |
Greenwich | 83,303.5 | 107,735.2 | 24,431.7 | 22.7 |
Hackney | 61,480.0 | 85,875.8 | 24,395.8 | 28.4 |
Hammersmith and Fulham | 37,250.3 | 49,882.9 | 12,632.6 | 25.3 |
Islington | 56,118.6 | 83,337.0 | 27,218.4 | 32.7 |
Kensington and Chelsea | 24,676.0 | 33,891.0 | 9,215.0 | 27.2 |
Lambeth | 49,918.0 | 67,765.0 | 17,847.0 | 26.3 |
Lewisham | 77,982.2 | 97,753.6 | 19,771.4 | 20.2 |
Southwark | 63,172.0 | 87,238.0 | 24,066.0 | 27.6 |
Tower Hamlets | 82,070.0 | 122,333.0 | 40,263.0 | 32.9 |
Wandsworth | 46,784.0 | 63,020.0 | 16,236.0 | 25.8 |
Westminster | 42,460.8 | 60,801.1 | 18,340.3 | 30.2 |
Barking/Dagenham | 56,590.0 | 81,680.0 | 25,090.0 | 30.7 |
Barnet | 69,018.9 | 98,606.7 | 29,587.8 | 30.0 |
Bexley | 58,949.0 | 77,876.0 | 18,927.0 | 24.3 |
Brent | 46,936.0 | 62,762.0 | 15,826.0 | 25.2 |
Bromley | 38,744.0 | 56,610.0 | 17,866.0 | 31.6 |
Croydon | 71,120.0 | 98,920.0 | 27,800.0 | 28.1 |
Ealing | 66,274.4 | 89,595.1 | 23,320.7 | 26.0 |
Enfield | 77,348.0 | 111,288.0 | 33,940.0 | 30.5 |
Haringey | 68,095.0 | 104,362.0 | 36,267.0 | 34.8 |
Harrow | 58,820.0 | 75,853.0 | 17,033.0 | 22.5 |
Havering | 62,153.5 | 75,902.8 | 13,749.3 | 18.1 |
Hillingdon | 40,600.0 | 51,853.0 | 11,253.0 | 21.7 |
Hounslow | 68,642.0 | 94,832.0 | 26,190.0 | 27.6 |
Kingston | 27,782.0 | 35,285.0 | 7,503.0 | 21.3 |
Merton | 44,705.6 | 54,881.0 | 10,175.4 | 18.5 |
Newham | 82,909.0 | 119,011.0 | 36,102.0 | 30.3 |
Redbridge | 74,519.0 | 97,421.0 | 22,902.0 | 23.5 |
Richmond | 39,830.1 | 48,434.9 | 8,604.8 | 17.8 |
Sutton | 36,711.9 | 52,184.6 | 15,472.7 | 29.6 |
Waltham Forest | 67,898.0 | 91,151.0 | 23,253.0 | 25.5 |
Birmingham | 327,088.0 | 421,490.0 | 94,402.0 | 22.4 |
Coventry | 98,571.0 | 129,821.0 | 31,250.0 | 24.1 |
Dudley | 79,888.0 | 99,308.0 | 19,420.0 | 19.6 |
Sandwell | 93,385.0 | 119,637.0 | 26,252.0 | 21.9 |
Solihull | 64,937.5 | 80,975.5 | 16,038.0 | 19.8 |
Walsall | 70,329.7 | 91,351.0 | 21,021.3 | 23.0 |
Wolverhampton | 71,951.8 | 96,011.0 | 24,059.2 | 25.1 |
Knowsley | 53,452.9 | 69,491.8 | 16,038.8 | 23.1 |
Liverpool | 140,025.2 | 185,416.5 | 45,391.3 | 24.5 |
St. Helens | 53,965.5 | 70,958.5 | 16,993.0 | 23.9 |
Sefton | 87,312.3 | 110,504.7 | 23,192.4 | 21.0 |
Wirral | 91,011.0 | 120,374.0 | 29,363.0 | 24.4 |
Bolton | 73,093.7 | 101,070.0 | 27,976.3 | 27.7 |
Bury | 48,994.0 | 62,407.0 | 13,413.0 | 21.5 |
Manchester | 132,950.0 | 182,680.0 | 49,730.0 | 27.2 |
Oldham | 77,207.0 | 101,990.0 | 24,783.0 | 24.3 |
Rochdale | 55,231.0 | 72,142.0 | 16,911.0 | 23.4 |
Salford | 65,261.0 | 96,713.0 | 31,452.0 | 32.5 |
Stockport | 73,140.1 | 99,912.1 | 26,771.9 | 26.8 |
Tameside | 56.494.0 | 86,724.0 | 30,230.0 | 34.9 |
Trafford | 47,072.0 | 66,825.0 | 19,753.0 | 29.6 |
Wigan | 96,148.0 | 125,444.0 | 29,296.0 | 23.4 |
Barnsley | 55,675.0 | 80,081.0 | 24,406.0 | 30.5 |
Doncaster | 91,222.0 | 124,332.0 | 33,110.0 | 26.6 |
Rotherham | 78,689.7 | 102,937.4 | 24,247.7 | 23.6 |
Sheffield | 120,892.0 | 186,655.0 | 65,763.0 | 35.2 |
Bradford | 135,657.0 | 208,909.0 | 73,252.0 | 35.1 |
Calderdale | 37,429.4 | 55,541.2 | 18,111.9 | 32.6 |
Kirklees | 105,185.2 | 146,098.9 | 40,913.7 | 28.0 |
Leeds | 212,412.7 | 288,179.4 | 75,766.7 | 26.3 |
Wakefield | 85,132.0 | 134,979.0 | 49,847.0 | 36.9 |
Gateshead | 54,755.0 | 86,023.0 | 31,268.0 | 36.3 |
Newcastle | 75,028.8 | 101,392.5 | 26,363.7 | 26.0 |
North Tyneside | 54,921.0 | 75,900.0 | 20,979.0 | 27.6 |
South Tyneside | 43,427.0 | 58,917.0 | 15,490.0 | 26.3 |
Sunderland | 90,503.0 | 115,908.0 | 25,405.0 | 21.9 |
Isles of Scilly | 816.0 | 1,100.0 | 284.0 | 25.8 |
Bath and North East Somerset | 44,928.0 | 57,156.0 | 12,228.0 | 21.4 |
Bristol | 101,005.5 | 129,420.4 | 28,414.9 | 22.0 |
North Somerset | 50,829.0 | 72,413.0 | 21,584.0 | 29.8 |
South Gloucestershire | 71,203.0 | 92,580.0 | 21,377.0 | 23.1 |
Hartlepool | 27,430.0 | 34,758.0 | 7,328.0 | 21.1 |
Middlesbrough | 44,388.0 | 59,350.0 | 14,962.0 | 25.2 |
Redcar and Cleveland | 44,804.0 | 58,107.0 | 13,303.0 | 22.9 |
Stockton-on-Tees | 56,820.0 | 73,101.0 | 16,281.0 | 22.3 |
Hull | 76,111.0 | 98,238.0 | 22,127.0 | 22.5 |
East Riding | 88,523.0 | 115,052.0 | 26,529.0 | 23.1 |
North East Lincolnshire | 51,052.0 | 65,121.0 | 14,069.0 | 21.6 |
North Lincolnshire | 44,928.0 | 60,683.0 | 15,755.0 | 26.0 |
North Yorkshire | 156,960.0 | 200,057.0 | 43,097.0 | 21.5 |
York | 42,979.0 | 54,393.0 | 11,414.0 | 21.0 |
Luton | 46,010.0 | 62,991.0 | 16,981.0 | 27.0 |
Milton Keynes | 47,037.0 | 67,352.0 | 20,315.0 | 30.2 |
Derby City | 46,996.0 | 66,285.0 | 19,289.0 | 29.1 |
Poole | 23,395.9 | 32,477.3 | 9,081.4 | 28.0 |
Bournemouth | 25,168.5 | 38,974.6 | 13,806.1 | 35.4 |
Darlington | 25,352.0 | 33,322.0 | 7,970.0 | 23.9 |
Brighton and Hove | 54,739.0 | 73,815.0 | 19,076.0 | 25.8 |
Portsmouth | 45,308.0 | 63,443.0 | 18,135.0 | 28.6 |
Southampton | 56,929.9 | 70,418.6 | 13,488.7 | 19.2 |
Leicester City | 87,528.0 | 115,492.0 | 27,964.0 | 24.2 |
Rutland | 4,164.0 | 5,236.0 | 1,072.0 | 20.5 |
Stoke-on-Trent | 64,092.0 | 83,926.0 | 19,834.0 | 23.6 |
Swindon | 37,922.0 | 50,214.0 | 12,292.0 | 24.5 |
Bedfordshire | 99,820.0 | 130,464.0 | 30,644.0 | 23.5 |
Berkshire | 187,691.0 | 227,094.0 | 39,403.0 | 17.4 |
Buckinghamshire | 115,423.0 | 163,834.0 | 48,411.0 | 29.5 |
Cambridgeshire | 139,168.0 | 208,383.0 | 69,215.0 | 33.2 |
Cheshire | 288,238.0 | 369,565.0 | 81,327.0 | 22.0 |
Cornwall | 122,630.0 | 174,965.0 | 52,335.0 | 29.9 |
Cumbria | 106,489.0 | 143,281.0 | 36,792.0 | 25.7 |
Derbyshire | 156,022.0 | 224,028.0 | 68,006.0 | 30.4 |
Devon | 256,884.0 | 341,321.0 | 84,437.0 | 24.7 |
Dorset | 84,615.2 | 105,806.8 | 21,191.6 | 20.0 |
Durham | 138,448.0 | 192,565.0 | 54,117.0 | 28.1 |
East Sussex | 121,522.0 | 166,934.0 | 45,412.0 | 27.2 |
Essex | 254,693.0 | 345,268.0 | 90,575.0 | 26.2 |
Gloucestershire | 88,096.0 | 117,231.0 | 29,135.0 | 24.9 |
Hampshire | 291,867.0 | 371,257.0 | 79,390.0 | 21.4 |
Hereford/Worcester | 168,404.0 | 223,726.0 | 55,322.0 | 24.7 |
Hertfordshire | 259,193.0 | 334,302.0 | 75,109.0 | 22.5 |
Isle of Wight | 35,045.4 | 44,367.1 | 9,321.7 | 21.0 |
Kent | 310,368.1 | 409,968.1 | 99,600.0 | 24.3 |
Lancashire | 382,476.0 | 513,328.0 | 130,852.0 | 25.5 |
Leicestershire | 159,134.0 | 206,392.0 | 47,258.0 | 22.9 |
Lincolnshire | 120,254.0 | 158,543.0 | 38,289.0 | 24.2 |
Norfolk | 177,907.0 | 235,906.0 | 57,999.0 | 24.6 |
Northamptonshire | 153,854.3 | 201,924.7 | 48,070.4 | 23.8 |
Northumberland | 88,220.0 | 116,455.0 | 28,235.0 | 24.2 |
Nottinghamshire | 273,481.0 | 373,033.0 | 99,552.0 | 26.7 |
Oxfordshire | 147,771.0 | 198,128.0 | 50,357.0 | 25.4 |
Shropshire | 104,328.0 | 145,887.0 | 41,559.0 | 28.5 |
Somerset | 121,600.0 | 158,985.0 | 37,385.0 | 23.5 |
Staffordshire | 212,718.6 | 278,806.0 | 66,087.4 | 23.7 |
Suffolk | 185,704.4 | 232,867.1 | 47,162.7 | 20.3 |
Surrey | 201,483.0 | 274,694.0 | 73,211.0 | 26.7 |
Warwickshire | 118,389.7 | 164,771.7 | 46,382.0 | 28.1 |
West Sussex | 191,379.0 | 244,205.0 | 52,826.0 | 21.6 |
Wiltshire | 74,297.0 | 104,543.0 | 30,246.0 | 28.9 |
England | 12,438,058.7 | 16,711,363.6 | 4,273,304.9 | 25.6 |
(1) "Difference" equates to total funding held centrally by LEAs as Mandatory and Discretionary Exceptions.