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Government Departments: Energy Efficiency
Lord Hughes of Woodside asked Her Majesty's Government:
- What progress has been made by government departments towards the target of improving energy efficiency by 20 per cent. in the nine years to
31 March 2000.[HL1349]
Baroness Hayman: By 31 March 1997, energy efficiency in government departments had improved by just over 15 per cent. since 1990-91.
Full details are given in the attached tables; the overall improvement is shown in Table 4. The tables include revisions to figures for earlier years revealing better performance than previously reported. All results reported here relate to periods before this administration took office. Energy management in individual departments is a matter for those departments and their green Minister. The Government aim to be at the forefront of good practice to improve energy efficiency, and will be looking to ensure that momentum is maintained through the strengthened role of green Ministers under the Chairmanship of my right honourable friend the Minister for the Environment, Mr. Michael Meacher. We are also working on the development of new performance indicators which will, for the first time, enable comparisons with independent standards of good practice across the economy.
The results for the former Department of the Environment in 1996-97 were affected by relocation and rationalisation of its accommodation in London and elsewhere. This resulted in the need to run a number of old and new buildings while changes took place. The department's two new headquarters buildings at Eland House and Ashdown House will be fully occupied by the end of March 1998. Both include a number of energy efficient measures, including a combined heat and power system and a displacement cooling system.
| Civil Departments, | Energy Expenditure(4) £ | Own investment in energy efficiency(4) £ | Percentage reduction relative to 1990-91(5) (positive figures represent per cent. improvement) Total cost at standard prices adjusted for estate and weather changes | |||||||
| including Agencies | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1991-92 | 1992-93 | 1993-94 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 |
| MAFF--"Main estate"(6) | 1,570,035 | 1,607,392 | 500,000 | 344,000 | -1 | 3 | -4 | -2 | 11 | 14 |
| MAFF--Laboratories(6) | 2,092.068 | 1,195,120 | 330,000 | 124,000 | -12 | -19 | -24 | -29 | -25 | 6 |
| Cabinet Office | 499,165 | 703,573 | 325,000 | 0 | -14 | 0 | 5 | 8 | 15 | 4 |
| Culture, Media & Sport 1 o | 75,414 | 82,888 | 1,000 | 0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -7 | -16 |
| Customs & Excise | 3,046,638 | 3,476,954 | 300,000 | 90,500 | 2 | 14 | 10 | 14 | 20 | 11 |
| Education and Employment | 1.464,230 | 1,337,963 | 45,700 | 294,650 | -2 | -20 | -10 | -15 | -9 | -17 |
| Employment Service | 7,021,412 | 6,820,622 | 1,132,524 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 0 |
| Environment(7) | 1,375,987 | 1,228,381 | 87,116 | 37,200 | 8 | 13 | 9 | 14 | 16 | 7 |
| Environment--HSE(8) | 754,812 | 667,458 | 144,564 | 0 | 5 | -4 | -1 | -28 | 15 | 20 |
| Enviornment--QEIICC 2 , 6 | 464.473 | 291,715 | 0 | 0 | -17 | -16 | -14 | -8 | -6 | -1 |
| FCO | 834,208 | 920,989 | 30,000 | 21,754 | -3 | 7 | -9 | -10 | -14 | -21 |
| Health(9) | 801,192 | 722,641 | 117,000 | 31,500 | -13 | 0 | -98 | -83 | -54 | -46 |
| Home Office | 2,012,161 | 2,051,873 | 0 | 0 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -7 | -2 | 1 |
| Home Office--Prisons(4) | 18,141,743 | 24,257,826 | 1,200,000 | 0 | 2 | -4 | -3 | -8 | 0 | 1 |
| Inland Revenue | 9,054,230 | 8,256,246 | 567,744 | 250,000 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 12 | 16 | 16 |
| International Development(11) | 372.396 | 212,935 | 158,000 | 0 | -- | -4 | 0 | 3 | 11 | 35 |
| Lord Chancellor's Department | 5,889,680 | 5,301,610 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 14 |
| National Savings | 1,043,471 | 921,999 | 951,717 | 620,485 | 3 | 8 | 12 | 17 | 19 | 24 |
| Northern Ireland | 11,107,276 | 9,012,943 | 870,000 | 313,000 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 9 | 13 | 10 |
| Scottish Office(10) | 1,139,914 | 779,634 | 60,000 | 70,000 | - | -6 | -8 | -12 | -18 | -17 |
| Scottish Court Service(10) | 755,401 | 755,401 | 80,000 | 80,000 | -- | 2 | 5 | 18 | 33 | 33 |
| Scottish Prison Service | 2,424,377 | 2,409,695 | 372,690 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 3 |
| Social Security 1 1 | 14,236,000 | 15,684,969 | 1,000,000 | 1,170,000 | -1 | -1 | -4 | -1 | 3 | -5 |
| Trade and Industry | 2,718,253 | 2,170,740 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 33 | 41 |
| Transport 5 , 1 2 | 2,940,057 | 2,807,248 | 235,205 | 315,000 | 7 | 8 | 12 | 17 | 15 | 23 |
| Treasury | 234,492 | 393,162 | 1,855 | 0 | 8 | 4 | -9 | -1 | 5 | -3 |
| Welsh Office | 543,700 | 488,895 | 11,933 | 25,540 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
| Total | 92,612.785 | 94,560,872 | 8,522,048 | 3,787,629 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 7.4 | 7.5 |
| Performance against energy and cost indicators, relative to 1990-91 (positive figures represent per cent. progress) | ||||||||||||
| Adjusted for estate and weather changes | Adjusted for weather changes only | |||||||||||
| Civil Departments, | Fossil fuel | Electricity | Total kWh | Total cost | CO2 | Total CO2 | ||||||
| including Agencies | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 |
| MAFF--"Main estate"(6) | 47 | 48 | -16 | -12 | 33 | 35 | 11 | 14 | 16 | 19 | 13 | 5 |
| MAFF--Laboratories | -9 | 16 | -34 | 1 | -16 | 12 | -25 | 6 | 15 | 17 | -23 | 22 |
| Cabinet Office | 39 | 46 | -1 | -23 | 30 | 29 | 15 | 4 | 20 | 16 | -6 | -34 |
| Culture, Media and Sport 1 0 | -11 | 2 | -6 | 0 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -16 | -7 | -15 | -7 | -15 |
| Customs and Excise | 48 | 43 | 13 | 3 | 32 | 25 | 20 | 11 | 25 | 16 | -12 | -17 |
| Education and Employment | 28 | 28 | -17 | -27 | 6 | 2 | -9 | -17 | -5 | -13 | 2 | -2 |
| Employment Service | 17 | 23 | -6 | -14 | 11 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | -4 | -2 |
| Environment(7) | 10 | 36 | 0 | -13 | 31 | 24 | 16 | 7 | 26 | 19 | 25 | 27 |
| Environment--HSE(8) | 3 | 15 | 19 | 22 | 9 | 18 | 15 | 20 | 18 | 24 | 22 | 26 |
| Environment--QEII CC 2 , 6 | -52 | -8 | -1 | -1 | -19 | -3 | -6 | -1 | -7 | -2 | -7 | -2 |
| FCO | 23 | 16 | -26 | -33 | 3 | -4 | -14 | -21 | -10 | -18 | -1 | -28 |
| Health(9) | 33 | 41 | -84 | -75 | -11 | -3 | -54 | -46 | -40 | -32 | -21 | -14 |
| Home Office | 5 | 5 | -5 | -1 | 2 | 3 | -2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 5 |
| Home Office--Prisons(4) | 12 | 15 | -18 | -20 | 9 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 13 | -2 | -2 |
| Inland Revenue | 23 | 12 | 13 | 17 | 19 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 17 | 23 | 28 |
| International Development(11) | -8 | 29 | 17 | 38 | 1 | 32 | 11 | 35 | 10 | 35 | 9 | 68 |
| Lord Chancellor's Department | 30 | 30 | 3 | 6 | 22 | 23 | 12 | 14 | 15 | 17 | -4 | 0 |
| National Savings | 18 | 3 | 19 | 28 | 19 | 17 | 19 | 24 | 19 | 24 | 21 | 28 |
| Northern Ireland | 18 | 16 | 11 | 6 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 24 | 21 | 12 | 11 |
| Scottish Office(10) | 18 | 19 | -39 | -38 | 3 | 4 | -18 | -17 | -8 | -3 | -7 | 10 |
| Scottish Court Service(10) | 39 | 39 | 30 | 30 | 36 | 36 | 33 | 33 | 34 | 34 | 14 | 14 |
| Scottish Prison Service | 15 | 11 | -6 | -12 | 13 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
| Social Security 1 1 | 26 | 18 | -9 | -18 | 16 | 9 | 3 | -5 | 7 | -1 | -9 | -21 |
| Trade and Industry | 67 | 67 | 20 | 31 | 51 | 54 | 33 | 41 | 38 | 44 | 58 | 66 |
| Transport 5 2 | 32 | 46 | 10 | 15 | 24 | 35 | 15 | 23 | 18 | 25 | 39 | 43 |
| Treasury | 16 | 19 | 0 | -14 | 11 | 9 | 5 | -3 | 10 | 3 | 29 | -10 |
| Welsh Office | 38 | 31 | -6 | -4 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 17 | 24 |
| Total | 20.6 | 21.0 | -1.0 | -1.2 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 13.1 | 13.6 | 7.0 | 7.4 |
| Percentage reduction relative to 1990-91 (positive figures represent per cent. improvement) Adjusted for estate changes and weather correction | ||||||||||||
| Fossil fuel | Electricity | Total kWh | ||||||||||
| Ministry of Defence | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | |||
| Civil | 15 | 25 | 35 | 11 | 1 | 5 | 13 | 17 | 25 | |||
| Navy | 14 | 32 | 37 | 33 | 39 | 41 | 18 | 33 | 38 | |||
| Army | 11 | 17 | 2 | 18 | 20 | 20 | 13 | 17 | 6 | |||
| RAF | 13 | 23 | 26 | 10 | 9 | 14 | 12 | 20 | 23 | |||
| Procurement Executive | 0 | 23 | 99 | 0 | 21 | 6 | 0 | 22 | 63 | |||
| DERA | 13 | 17 | -8 | 3 | 3 | -2 | 8 | 10 | -5 | |||
| Total | 11.7 | 21.5 | 16.6 | 17.4 | 18.7 | 20.1 | 13.9 | 20.8 | 17.4 | |||
| Percentage reduction relative to 1990-91 (positive figures represent per cent. improvement) | |||||||||
| Adjusted for estate changes and weather correction | Adjusted for weather changes only | ||||||||
| Total cost | CO2 | Total CO2 | |||||||
| Ministry of Defence | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 |
| Civil | 12 | 8 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 19 | -7 | -8 | 0 |
| Navy | 25 | 36 | 40 | 26 | 39 | 43 | 13 | 26 | 30 |
| Army | 15 | 18 | 12 | 16 | 21 | 13 | 16 | 25 | 18 |
| RAF | 11 | 15 | 19 | 12 | 17 | 20 | 21 | 25 | 29 |
| Procurement Executive | 0 | 22 | 29 | 0 | 22 | 41 | 0 | 22 | 41 |
| DERA | 0 | 6 | -3 | 0 | 7 | -4 | 0 | 7 | -4 |
| Total | 15.5 | 19.9 | 18.6 | 16.5 | 22.0 | 20.6 | 16.6 | 23.9 | 22.5 |
| Percentage reduction relative to 1990-91 (positive figures represent improvement) Adjusted for estate changes and weather correction | ||||||||||||
| Entire | Fossil fuel | Electricity | Total kWh | |||||||||
| Government estate | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | |||
| Civil Departments | 11.6 | 20.6 | 21.0 | -6.4 | -1.0 | -1.2 | 7.1 | 15.3 | 15.5 | |||
| MoD | 11.7 | 21.5 | 16.6 | 17.4 | 18.7 | 20.1 | 13.9 | 20.8 | 17.4 | |||
| Total | 11.6 | 21.2 | 17.9 | 9.6 | 12.2 | 13.1 | 11.8 | 19.1 | 16.8 | |||
| Percentage reduction relative to 1990-91 (positive figures represent improvement) | |||||||||||
| Adjusted for estate changes and weather correction | Adjusted for weather changes only | ||||||||||
| Entire | Total cost | CO2 | Total CO2 | ||||||||
| Government estate | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | ||
| Civil Departments | 0.6 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 4.8 | 13.1 | 13.6 | -1.9 | 7.0 | 7.4 | ||
| MoD | 15.5 | 19.9 | 18.6 | 16.5 | 22.0 | 20.6 | 16.6 | 23.9 | 22.5 | ||
| Total | 10.8 | 15.9 | 15.1 | 12.9 | 19.2 | 18.4 | 10.9 | 18.7 | 17.8 | ||
| Energy Indicator | Cost indicator | |||||||||||
| Civil Departments, | Fossil fuel kWh/m(4) | Electricity kWh/m(4) | Fossil fuel £/m(4) | Electricity £/m(4) | ||||||||
| including Agencies | 1990-91 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1990-91 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1990-91 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1990-91 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 |
| MAFF "Main estate"(6) | 286 | 151 | 148 | 81 | 94 | 91 | 3.58 | 1.89 | 1.85 | 4.88 | 5.64 | 5.46 |
| MAFF--Laboratories | 578 | 628 | 485 | 235 | 315 | 233 | 7.23 | 7.85 | 6.06 | 14.09 | 18.90 | 13.87 |
| Cabinet Office | 291 | 176 | 157 | 94 | 95 | 116 | 3.63 | 2.20 | 1.96 | 5.65 | 5.68 | 6.96 |
| Culture, Media and Sport 1 0 | 156 | 174 | 153 | 141 | 150 | 169 | 1.96 | 2.18 | 1.91 | 8.48 | 8.99 | 10.15 |
| Customs and Excise | 161 | 84 | 91 | 130 | 113 | 126 | 2.01 | 1.05 | 1.14 | 7.80 | 6.78 | 7.58 |
| Education and Employment | 166 | 120 | 120 | 152 | 178 | 193 | 2.08 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 9.13 | 10.71 | 11.59 |
| Employment Service | 220 | 182 | 168 | 82 | 87 | 93 | 2.74 | 2.27 | 2.10 | 4.91 | 5.23 | 5.59 |
| Environment(7) | 282 | 169 | 181 | 87 | 88 | 99 | 3.53 | 2.11 | 2.27 | 5.23 | 5.25 | 5.92 |
| Environment--HSE(8) | 187 | 182 | 158 | 103 | 84 | 81 | 2.34 | 2.27 | 1.98 | 6.20 | 5.02 | 4.85 |
| Environment--QEII CC 2 , 6 | 153 | 233 | 165 | 270 | 272 | 272 | 1.91 | 2.91 | 2.06 | 16.21 | 16.30 | 16.32 |
| FCO | 218 | 168 | 183 | 145 | 183 | 194 | 2.73 | 2.10 | 2.29 | 8.71 | 10.97 | 11.61 |
| Health(9) | 174 | 116 | 103 | 107 | 197 | 188 | 2.17 | 1.45 | 1.28 | 6.42 | 11.82 | 11.26 |
| Home Office | 312 | 297 | 295 | 136 | 143 | 138 | 3.90 | 3.71 | 3.69 | 8.18 | 8.58 | 8.28 |
| Home Office--Prisons(4) | 507 | 446 | 431 | 69 | 82 | 83 | 6.36 | 5.57 | 5.39 | 4.15 | 4.89 | 4.96 |
| Inland Revenue | 166 | 127 | 146 | 105 | 92 | 87 | 2.08 | 1.59 | 1.83 | 6.33 | 5.51 | 5.24 |
| International Development(11) | 381 | 411 | 271 | 220 | 182 | 137 | 4.77 | 5.14 | 3.39 | 13.23 | 10.92 | 8.23 |
| Lord Chancellor's Department | 259 | 181 | 181 | 108 | 105 | 102 | 3.24 | 2.26 | 2.26 | 6.50 | 6.31 | 6.12 |
| National Savings | 191 | 156 | 184 | 208 | 168 | 149 | 2.39 | 1.96 | 2.31 | 12.49 | 10.10 | 8.93 |
| Northern Ireland | 234 | 193 | 195 | 109 | 97 | 101 | 2.92 | 2.41 | 2.44 | 6.53 | 5.84 | 6.16 |
| Scottish Office(10) | 258 | 211 | 208 | 91 | 126 | 126 | 3.22 | 2.63 | 2.60 | 5.45 | 7.57 | 7.53 |
| Scottish Court Service(10) | 163 | 100 | 100 | 64 | 45 | 45 | 2.03 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 3.86 | 2.70 | 2.70 |
| Scottish Prison Service | 533 | 451 | 474 | 67 | 72 | 75 | 6.67 | 5.64 | 5.92 | 4.04 | 4.29 | 4.50 |
| Social Security 1 1 | 278 | 207 | 227 | 103 | 113 | 121 | 3.48 | 2.59 | 2.84 | 6.20 | 6.76 | 7.29 |
| Trade and Industry | 372 | 122 | 124 | 196 | 157 | 136 | 4.65 | 1.53 | 1.54 | 11.77 | 9.40 | 8.17 |
| Transport 5 , 1 2 | 196 | 134 | 105 | 114 | 103 | 97 | 2.45 | 1.68 | 1.31 | 6.84 | 6.18 | 5.81 |
| Treasury | 248 | 208 | 201 | 107 | 107 | 122 | 3.09 | 2.60 | 2.51 | 6.40 | 6.40 | 7.30 |
| Welsh Office | 158 | 98 | 108 | 126 | 133 | 131 | 1.97 | 1.22 | 1.35 | 7.55 | 8.00 | 7.89 |
| Total | 302 | 253 | 255 | 99 | 101 | 102 | 3.78 | 3.17 | 3.18 | 5.91 | 6.08 | 6.12 |
Footnotes to Tables:
(3) Progress is expressed as a percentage relative to the 1990-91 base year value of the performance indicator in question. Positive figures represent improvement. The standard indicator, against which the target to improve energy efficiency by 20 per cent. by 31 March 2000 is measured, is obtained by weather-correcting energy consumption and converting to costs using "standard prices" for fuel (6p/k W/h for electricity and 1.25 p/kWh for all fossil fuels) then dividing by floor area. Conversion to money both reflects the relative costs of electricity and fossil fuel and their environmental impact, and the use of fixed prices eliminates the effects of tariff changes which distort the comparison of fuel bills.
(4) Although figures have been prepared on a consistent basis, caution should be exercised in comparing the energy use of different departments and agencies because of differences in their estate and the nature of their work. For example, the operational needs of prisons and the QEII Conference Centre mean than they have a pattern of energy use which is different from that of a department which has predominantly office accommodation. Expenditure on energy and investment figures are included for information only. Investment figures relate to clearly identifiable energy efficiency measures undertaken by departments. Energy efficiency is an integral part of all major construction projects, including building refurbishment and plant replacement and the figure "0" for some departments does not necessarily mean there has been no investment, just that the investment was not clearly identifiable.
(5) The average performance figure for the civil estate cannot be derived by simply adding together the individual departmental progress and dividing by the number of departments because this does not allow for the large variations in consumption. The correct figure is obtained by calculating the value of the performance indicator for the year in question and the base year, for the civil estate as a whole, and calculating the reduction relative to the base year.
(6) The energy performance for MAFF's "Main estate" and its laboratories continues to improve with ongoing investment in energy schemes. continued staff awareness programmes and changes to estate classification and further rationalisation in 1996-97.
(7) Last full year for the former Environment and Transport Departments. The former Environment Department now has a greater proportion of air-conditioned buildings than in the base year, because of estate rationalisation, relocation to new HQ buildings and inclusion of some Government Offices for the Regions.
(8) HSE was removed from the DFEE estate on the formation of that Department. QEII Conference Centre is reported separately because of its business-led demands. The initial sharp rise in consumption following the 1990-91 base year was directly attributable to increased revenue earning activity, which has continued throughout the reporting period, and the more recent decline in consumption reflects the effect of energy conservation measures undertaken at the site.
(9) Rationalisation of the estate since the base year has led to staff moving from several naturally ventilated buildings to more densely occupied air-conditioned buildings, all equipped with information technology equipment.
(10) Base year is 1991-92.
(11) Base year in 1991-92. Data for Natural Resources Institute no longer included following its transfer to the University of Greenwich.
1 0 Base year is 1994-95, by which time energy efficient lighting and other improvements already installed in buildings which are already fully air-conditioned with intensive IT usage.
1 1 Workload is increasing, affecting occupancy and requiring offices to be occupied for longer, increasing the use of energy. Greater use of information technology, expansion of the use of air conditioning and the upgrading of lighting levels has increased electricity consumption.
1 2 Figures exclude the Vehicle Inspectorate Agency.
1 3 The Ministry of Defence (MoD) estate is different from the rest of the government estate, and has been undergoing more radical changes. It is therefore treated in a slightly different way. In common with the civil estate, it has greatly increased its use of information technology. Full data for the years between 1990-91 and 1993-94 are not available, so the table shows the results for 1994-95 onwards.
1 4 Floor area cannot be calculated for the majority of the MoD estate. However, to enable comparisons with data for the civil estate which is adjusted for changes in floor area, a proxy has been used. Changes in consumption arising from estate changes have been estimated as a result of estate adjustments, with appropriate adjustments made to the gross data for the years following the change. In common with other Departments, the MoD has a target to achieve a 20 per cent. improvement by 31 March 2000. Positive figures represent improvement.
1 5 This shows the combined results for the whole of the government estate based on the data in tables 1, 2 and 3. It is not a simple average of the data but reflects the proportion of total consumption represented by each part of the estate (see also note 3). Some departments have a different base year, and the individually agreed base year has been used for the purposes of this table, where appropriate.
1 6 In some instances the base year is not 1990-91, but for the purposes of Tables 2 and 5 the agreed base year has been used in the calculation.