National
environmental policies of Ukraine
45. In the case of Ukraine, in line
with national priorities, the 1996-99 Indicative Programme has
identified the following environmental priorities:
waste water management
solid waste management
industrial pollution control
district heating
hazardous waste management
biodiversity
46. Because Ukraine shares frontiers
with five Central European countries, four of whom in turn share
frontiers with the EU, the Tacis CrossBorder Cooperation
programme is of particular importance. The programme focuses on
the environment in the following areas:
transfrontier nature of environmental
issues
environmental degradation problems caused
by industrialisation and agricultural policy
new environmental policy development
clean technology
training, with respect to the areas above
and more generally
pre-investment project development
small-scale infrastructure projects.
47. Specific matters in the area of
the environment are covered by Article 63 of the PCA document
for Ukraine, which came into force in March 1998. At present,
the Ukrainian authorities regard this document as rather lacking
in detail, though the range of environmental topics covered is
considered comprehensive and relevant to Ukraine and EU concerns,
and provides a broad framework of cooperation and direction
for technical assistance (p 100). More detailed priorities
and actions have been developed during the 4-year Indicative Programme,
which is running currently, and in the annual Action, Inter-State
and Cross Border strategy papers. For the future, it is expected
that the PCA Cooperation Councils and Committees (see paragraph 27)
will have the task of steering detailed priorities more closely.
48. The Ukraine Government's memorandum
indicates that there is now close and effective cooperation
between the Ukrainian authorities and Tacis (pp 100-101). Current
programmes range across the following environmental areas:
