|
| Technology | Practical Potential by
2020
| E&Y potential
TWh by 2020
Current Policy
| Barriers to reaching greater
potential
| Supportive policy measures
| Potential (TWh)
by 2020
Supportive Policies
| Potential (%
total demand)
by 2020
Supportive Policies
|
|
| Onshore wind | Very large—Strong potential and cost effective.
| 24TWh | RO duration, cap, headroom
Lack of grid access
Slow planning
Limited turbine availability
Radar objections
| Strengthen RO
Transmission access overhaul
Reformed planning process
Technical radar solutions
| 30-33TWh* | 8-9%
|
| Offshore wind | Very large—Strong potential (more expensive than onshore)
| 22TWh | RO duration, cap, headroom
Limited grid capacity
Limited turbine availability
MoD objections
Shipping conflicts
| Strengthen RO
Offshore grid regime established
Early and rigorous MoD consultation
Early and rigorous shipping consultation
| 36-40TWh* | 10-11%
|
| Biomass (incl CHP, dedicated and co-firing) |
Large—Strong potential | 9.4TWh
| Land use conflicts
Sustainability concerns
RO energy crops definition should include both SRC and perennial
| Accreditation of imported material
Co-firing support external to RO
| 14-16TWh | 4%
|
| Wave | Strong growth.
Large potential.
Technology at early stage.
| 1.2TWh | Insufficient support to get started RO duration, cap, headroom
Limited grid capacity
| Reform of MRDF
Use of NFFO/EU ETS funds
Strengthen RO
Flexible grid access rules
| 3-5TWh* | 1%
|
| ATidal | Strong growth.
Large potential.
Technology at early stage.
| 1.4TWh | Insufficient support to get started RO duration, cap, headroom.
Limited grid capacity.
| Reform of MRDF
Use of NFFO/EU ETS funds
Strengthen RO
Flexible grid access rules
| 3-5TWh* | 1%
|
| Hydro | Limited potential; balances wind.
Controllability advantages.
| 3.1TWh | RO duration, cap, headroom.
Lack of grid access.
Slow planning.
| Strengthen RO
Transmission access overhaul
Reformed planning process
| 4-5TWh | 1%
|
| Tidal Barrage** | Very large potential.
| — | Lack of funding support.
Major environmental issues.
Slow planning.
| Funding support outwith RO
Weighting of need vs environmental impacts
Reformed planning process
| 0-17TWh | 0-5%
|
| Total | | 61TWh
(17% demand)
| | | 90-120TWh
| 25-33% |
|
Notes:
* Upper level as estimated by BWEA in their response to Our Energy Challenge, 2006
|
| ** Not included in E&Y analysis. Potential production estimated by Severn Tidal Power Group, 2005
|
