Contents
Terms of Reference
Summary
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Aviation and RPAS
Terminology
RPAS (small and large), drones, and UAVs
Commercial, hobbyist and leisure use
Civilian Applications for RPAS
Table 1: Breakdown of RPAS use in the UK
Growth in the civilian RPAS industry
Current RPAS Regulations
Principles of aviation regulation
RPAS Regulation at the International level
Table 2: Aviation Regulators
RPAS Regulation at the EU level
RPAS Regulation at the UK level
Box 1: RPAS and the Air Navigation Order
2009
The Commission's Communication
Chapter 3: Reviewing the Regulatory Framework
Extending EASA's competence
Figure 1: RPAS Regulators
Coherent Safety Regulations
Internal Market for RPAS
The role of the Joint Authorities for Rulemaking
on Unmanned Systems (JARUS)
Other non-EU regulatory frameworks
Chapter 4: Proportionate Safety Regulations
for RPAS
Safety equivalence between manned aircraft
and RPAS
Reconciling regulations for large and small
RPAS
Pilot training and licensing for small RPAS
operators
Airworthiness
Chapter 5: Enabling technologies
Box 2: Single European Sky Air Traffic Management
Research Joint Undertaking (SESAR JU)
Developing new technologies and regulatory
uncertainty
The technologies needed
Detect and avoid
Box 3: ASTRAEA
Air traffic management
Command and control (C2) link
Issues with SESAR JU
Access to R&D funding for RPAS
Chapter 6: Data protection and privacy
The Data Protection Directive and commercial
RPAS use
Privacy Impact Assessments
Privacy
Personal RPAS use and privacy
State and journalistic use of RPAS
Chapter 7: Third party liability
Exemption for model aircraft users
Cost of third party liability insurance
Compliance with EU insurance requirements
Minimum liability limit under EU Regulation
785/2004
Chapter 8: Leisure users and public consultation
Concerns regarding leisure use
Figure 2: Leisure and commercial small RPAS
use in the UK
Solutions in the short term
Raising awareness
Product Information
Geo-Fencing
Public consultation
Solutions in the long term
Improving enforcement
Registering RPAS owners
Regulating for the future
Summary of Conclusions and Recommendations
Appendix 1: List of Members and Declaration
of Interests
Appendix 2: List of Witnesses
Appendix 3: Call for Evidence
Appendix 4: Site Visit
Appendix 5: Glossary
Evidence is published online at http://www.parliament.uk/civil-rpas
and available for inspection at the Parliamentary Archives (020
7129 3074).
Q in footnotes refers to a question in oral evidence.
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