European Union Committee
Europe in the world: Towards a more effective EU foreign and security strategy

8th Report - published 16 February 2016 - HL Paper 97

Contents

Summary

Chapter 1: Introduction

Structure of the report

Chapter 2: Strategy making in the European Union

Drafting a new strategy

Parallel processes

Conclusions and recommendations

What type of strategy?

Objectives, ways and means

Conclusions and recommendations

A focus on the neighbourhood

Conclusions and recommendations

Chapter 3: External and internal context

External security context

Russia and the return of geopolitics

Fragile states in the Middle East and North Africa

Terrorism

The refugee and migration crisis: an inadequate response

The United States

Conclusions and recommendations

Internal context: economic weakness and internal tensions

Eurozone crisis and economic power

Internal tensions

Conclusion

Primacy of Member States

Conclusions and recommendations

The ‘herbivorous’ power: political reluctance and reduced
capability

Conclusion

Germany: a reluctant leader

The United Kingdom

Conclusion

Chapter 4: The foreign and security policy objectives of the Union

Clarity of purpose

Case study: EU policy on Turkey—strategic disarray

Conclusions and recommendations

The balance between a transformational or transactional foreign policy

Case study: values in the Middle East and North Africa

Redrawing the balance between values and interests

Conclusions and recommendations

A foreign and security policy in the wider neighbourhood

EU policy on Russia: in need of a strategy

Conclusions and recommendations

Eastern neighbourhood: clarify the policy on enlargement

Conclusions and recommendations

Southern neighbourhood: the golden thread of good governance

Conclusions and recommendations

Chapter 5: The ways and means of a strategy

Flexible, decisive and timely action: ad hoc groups of Member
States

E3+3 Iran negotiations

Normandy Format

Anglo-German Initiative in Bosnia-Herzegovina

Methodology for ad hoc groupings

Conclusions and recommendations

Case study: Syria—an ad hoc group?

Box 1: Syria: The Vienna Process

Conclusions and recommendations

Improved decision-making: recalibration of the EU institutions

Conclusions and recommendations

Co-ordinating the Commission instruments: the role of the
European External Action Service

Conclusions and recommendations

Using the Commission instruments strategically

Functional and differentiated approach

Sensitivity to local conditions

Trade agreements and economic partnerships

Conclusions and recommendations

Case study: Tunisia and Libya—security sector reform

Conclusions and recommendations

Leveraging military capabilities

EU-NATO co-operation

Conclusions and recommendations

The Common Security and Defence Policy

Conclusions and recommendations

Case study: UK contribution to CSDP

Analytical and assessment capabilities

Conclusions and recommendations

Summary of Conclusions and Recommendations

Appendix 1: List of Members and Declarations of Interest

Appendix 2: List of Witnesses

Appendix 3: Call for Evidence

Appendix 4: Evidence taken during the visit to Brussels

Appendix 5: Common Security and Defence Policy Missions

Evidence is published online at http://www.parliament.uk/review-eu-foreign-policy and available for inspection at the Parliamentary Archives (020 7129 3074).

Q in footnotes refers to a question in oral evidence.





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