Appendix 3: Glossary
|
ACs |
Advisory Councils. Stakeholder-led organisations that provide the Commission and EU countries with recommendations on fisheries management. |
|
By-catch |
An animal, bird or fish that is caught during the course of a vessel’s fishing for another species. |
|
CFP |
Common Fisheries Policy. The CFP is a set of rules regulating fisheries management in the EU. |
|
Discarding |
The practice of returning fish that have been caught, and potentially are already dead, to the sea. |
|
EEZ |
Exclusive economic zone |
|
Equal Access Principle |
This allows vessels registered in any Member State to fish, subject to criteria laid down under the CFP, within EU waters. |
|
ICES |
International Council on the Exploration of the Sea |
|
IEEP |
The Institute for European Environmental Policy |
|
IUU |
Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
|
Landings |
Fish caught and landed on shore. |
|
MFN |
Most Favoured Nation. A status or level of treatment accorded by one state to another in international trade. The term means the country which is the recipient of this treatment must, nominally, receive equal trade advantages as the “most favoured nation”. |
|
Mixed Fisheries |
Fisheries in which fishers fish for multiple species in the same waters. |
|
MSY |
Maximum sustainable yield |
|
NEAFC |
North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission |
|
NEF |
New Economics Foundation |
|
NFFO |
National Federation of Fishermen’s Organisations |
|
Pelagic and demersal species |
Pelagic species are fish that often occupy the open waters between the coast and the edge of the continental shelf in depths of 20-400 metres. Demersal species are those species of fish that live on, or in close proximity to, the seabed. |
|
Relative Stability |
The Relative Stability Principle is an EU distribution key for allocating fish quotas to individual countries fixed in 1983. It is a fixed percentage figure for each fish stock, based on historic fishing activity. |
|
RFMO |
Regional Fisheries Management Organisation |
|
SFF |
Scottish Fishermen’s Federation |
|
Shared stocks |
Fish stocks that occur in, and move in and out of, the exclusive economic zone of two or more adjacent coastal states. |
|
SIA |
UK Seafood Industry Alliance |
|
STECF |
Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries |
|
Straddling stocks |
Stocks that migrate or move through a number of countries’ waters as well as international waters. |
|
TFEU |
Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union |
|
Total Allowable Catch (TAC) |
The limits on what can be caught. These are set each December at EU level, based on scientific advice on the fish populations by geographic area. |
|
QMV |
Qualified Majority Voting |
|
Quotas |
Quotas denote the quantity of a given TAC that may be caught by a country or a vessel. In the EU quotas are allocated to Member States based on Relative Stability shares, after which the Member State distributes quotas to individual vessels. |
|
UNCLOS |
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea |
|
WTO |
World Trade Organisation |