Select Committee on Welsh Affairs Second Report


1  Introduction


Background

1. The Government of Wales Act 2006 introduced a new procedure whereby the National Assembly for Wales can bring forward proposals which would extend the Assembly's law-making powers by way of Legislative Competence Orders in Council. The Orders do not themselves change the general law for Wales - they pave the way to subsequent changes in the law applying to Wales within the devolved areas of legislative competence. They do this by adding new "Matters" to the "Fields" of legislative competence set out in Schedule 5 of the Government of Wales Act 2006.

2. These proposals for draft Orders may be introduced by the Welsh Assembly Government, by committees of the National Assembly, or by individual Assembly Members.[1] They are subject to pre-legislative scrutiny by committees of the Assembly appointed for this purpose and, potentially, by committees of the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Whitehall agreement ("clearance") is a necessary pre-requisite before a proposed Order is referred by the Secretary of State for Wales to each House at this pre-legislative scrutiny stage.

3. Following the pre-legislative scrutiny stage, the National Assembly may agree an actual draft Order. This may take account of committee recommendations (from either its own committees or Westminster) following pre-legislative scrutiny. The draft Order must then be laid before Parliament by the Secretary of State for Wales - and he or she may still decline to do so at this stage. If the draft Order is laid, it is considered by both Houses of Parliament, and may be debated by them. Draft Orders at this stage are not amendable and can only be approved or rejected. If approved by both Houses, and once it is given the royal assent in the Privy Council, direct law-making powers are devolved to the Assembly within the scope of the Order in Council. The Assembly then makes those laws in the form of Assembly Measures, which must be passed by the National Assembly but which require no further approval by either Whitehall or the UK Parliament.

Introduction of the additional learning needs proposed LCO

4. The first proposed Order to have been referred to Parliament by the Secretary of State, on the subject of additional learning needs, was introduced by the Welsh Assembly Government and published on 11 June.[2] The Secretary of State wrote on 26 July to the Chair of the Welsh Affairs Select Committee and to the Chair of the Select Committee on the Constitution, House of Lords, inviting these committees to undertake pre-legislative scrutiny.[3] In this instance, both committees decided to accept this role.

House of Lords Select Committee on the Constitution

5. We note that the House of Lords Select Committee on the Constitution has examined the proposed Order, and has concluded that it raises "no matters of constitutional principle".[4]

The Welsh Affairs Committee's inquiry

6. On 31 July the Welsh Affairs Committee issued a press notice setting out the scope of our inquiry and inviting written submissions from interested parties. The purpose of this Committee's inquiry was to examine the scope and "appropriateness" of the proposed Order under the terms of the Government of Wales Act (GOWA) 2006.

7. If adopted, the proposed Order would expand Field 5 of Schedule 5 of GOWA 2006 by adding a new matter, Matter 5.17, relating to education and training for "persons who have a greater difficulty in learning than the majority of persons of the same age" and for "persons who have a disability". The proposed Matter includes a definition of the term "disability", which in this context is intended to include persons who have a "physical or mental impairment".[5]

8. In examining whether the proposed Order was within the scope and spirit of GOWA 2006, many of our questions were concerned with the legal definitions of these terms and their compatibility with existing legislation. We also wanted to explore the extent of the powers the proposed Order would devolve. The Committee heard oral evidence from the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Wales Office, and from Jane Hutt AM, Minister for Children, Education and Lifelong Learning and Skills, Welsh Assembly Government, and officials.[6] We were also able to draw on evidence received by the Committee appointed by the National Assembly for the purposes of examining the proposed Order during the course of its inquiry, which we followed closely.[7]

Joint scrutiny with the Assembly Committee

9. We had hoped to have been able to explore the possibility of working together with the Assembly Committee which was also examining this proposed Order. However, as noted above the proposed Order was referred to us on 26 July, shortly before the House of Commons rose for its summer recess. The Business Committee of the Assembly charged the Assembly Committee with reporting by 23 November (later extended to 30 November). In order to do so, the Assembly Committee began its evidence-taking as soon as the Assembly resumed after its summer recess, and held its first evidence on 20 September. As Jane Hutt AM told us, "we were anxious not to waste time in terms of being able to start the process".[8] The House of Commons returned on 8 October, and our own evidence sessions took place on 7 and 21 November - by which time the Assembly Committee had completed its evidence-taking.

10. In this case, the proposed Order was referred to the Assembly and to the Welsh Affairs Committee at the same time. Since then, however, the Welsh Assembly Government has published and referred to the Assembly further proposed Orders - before the clearance process with Whitehall departments has been completed. The Assembly Committee charged with examining the Environmental Protection and Waste Management proposed Order has completed its inquiry and published its report,[9] and the Assembly Committee appointed for the scrutiny of the proposed Order relating to vulnerable children has already begun its evidence-taking.

11. Although the Assembly Committee appointed to scrutinise the proposed Order relating to vulnerable children is well underway, the proposed Order has not yet been referred to parliamentary committees by the Secretary of State for pre-legislative scrutiny. This rules out the possibility of joint scrutiny, unless the Assembly process is to be repeated subsequently should revised proposed Orders be published. If this were to be the case it would be for the Assembly to decide on its own procedure under the terms of GOWA 2006.[10]

12. When asked why the Welsh Assembly Government had published proposed Orders and referred them to the Assembly for pre-legislative scrutiny before the clearance process with Whitehall departments was complete, the Assembly Minister told us, "I cannot see that this will happen again in terms of timetabling."[11]

13. On 3 December, however, the Welsh Assembly Government laid before the National Assembly its proposed Order on affordable housing, and published it the following day. This is the third proposed Order to have been published and referred to the Assembly before the process of agreement with Whitehall departments has been completed. These proposed Orders have therefore not yet been referred to Westminster committees for pre-legislative scrutiny. This once again rules out the possibility of joint working between the Assembly and Westminster committees, and leaves open the question of what will happen should the text of the proposed Orders which are referred to Westminster committees differ from the text of those which have been examined and reported on by committees of the Assembly. We regret that the Assembly Committee appointed to conduct pre-legislative scrutiny on the proposed Order on environmental protection and waste management has completed its inquiry and published its report before the proposed Order has been referred to Parliament by the Secretary of State. We further regret that the publication of the proposed Order on affordable housing and its referral for pre-legislative scrutiny before its clearance in Whitehall is another example of how this process is not working as anticipated.

14. We regret that due to timetabling considerations it was not practicable to explore the possibility of working jointly with the Assembly Committee on the proposed Order relating to people with additional learning needs. However, we are grateful to the Assembly Committee for keeping us informed of the course of its inquiry at every stage, and appreciate the opportunity for members of the Welsh Affairs Committee to attend its meetings in an observer capacity. Future timetabling arrangements should allow greater opportunities for the Assembly and Westminster committees to work together.

15. We regret that this opportunity appears to have been ruled out in the case of some proposed Orders by their publication and examination prior to completion of the process of engagement with Whitehall departments. The Welsh Affairs Committee would wish to explore the possibility of working more closely with Assembly committees in the pre-legislative scrutiny of proposals for draft Legislative Competence Orders. We would wish to consider experimenting with some degree of joint scrutiny where practicable.


1   By ballot.  Back

2   Note: the proposed Order does not at any point use the term 'additional learning needs'. Back

3   Letter from the Secretary of State for Wales to the Chair of the Welsh Affairs select committee, 26 July 2007 (Ev 19); letter from the Secretary of State for Wales to the Chair of the Select Committee on the Constitution, House of Lords, 26 July 2007. Back

4   Letter from Rt Hon Lord Holme of Cheltenham to the Secretary of State for Wales, 23 October 2007. Back

5   Ev 22  Back

6   Ev 1-18 Back

7   Proposed additional learning needs LCO Committee, National Assembly for Wales, www.assemblywales.com Back

8   Q 52 Back

9   Proposed Environmental Protection and Waste Management LCO Committee, National Assembly for Wales, 30 November 2007. Back

10   Government of Wales Act 2006 Back

11   Q 52 Back


 
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Prepared 21 December 2007